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19 results for “Fourth Amendment”

1. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10882186 · Jul 01, 2026

   State power to define women's sports by biological sex is constitutionally sound under the Tenth Amendment and Title IX as originally understood.

   …IX, which permits sex-separate teams based on biological differences. The Fourth Circuit and Ninth Circuit decisions are reversed; West Virginia and Idaho may enforce their laws without exception for puberty blockers or hormone therapy.…

2. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.J.Res. 172 · May 14, 2026

   Joint Resolution Proposing Amendment to Clarify and Protect Birthright Citizenship

   …and Senate, the amendment is sent to the states for ratification by three-fourths of state legislatures. States have seven years to ratify. Congress provides no new enforcement powers; citizenship determinations follow existing processes…

3. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10869022 · Jun 06, 2026

   Re-decided holding: Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, as applied through the Fifteenth Amendment, requires states to draw districts that do not dilute minority voting strength, but the remedy must be race-neutral in its criteria and limited to ensuring equal electoral opportunity, not proportional representation.

   …district, violated Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act or the Fourteenth Amendment, and whether the district court's injunction should be stayed pending appeal. 1) The question is whether Alabama's 2023 congressional map, which created only…

4. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10882239 · Jul 01, 2026

   Children born in the United States to parents unlawfully or temporarily present are not 'subject to the jurisdiction' of the United States and thus not citizens at birth under the Fourteenth Amendment.

   …(e.g., tourists, students) acquire citizenship at birth under the Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause. 2) The relevant constitutional text is: 'All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction…

5. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10811625 · May 24, 2026

   Olivier's suit for prospective injunctive relief is not barred by the common-law rule against collateral attack on final judgments, but the First Amendment claim must be evaluated on its merits under original meaning.

   …enforcement of that ordinance? 2) Relevant constitutional text: The First Amendment provides that 'Congress shall make no law ... abridging the freedom of speech.' The Fourteenth Amendment extends this prohibition to states. Article III…

6. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10883542 · Jul 02, 2026

   Children born in the United States to parents unlawfully or temporarily present are not citizens under the Fourteenth Amendment unless Congress provides otherwise.

   …present. The question is whether the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment requires the United States to grant citizenship to every child born on its soil, regardless of the parents’ status. The text says: 'All persons born or…

7. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10830655 · Oct 16, 2026

   Neutral Notice and Consent for Youth Counseling

   The Court was asked how the First Amendment applies to Colorado conversion-therapy law when used against talk therapy. The official summary states the law controls talk based on viewpoint and lower courts were wrong not to use demanding…

8. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 4973 · Jul 17, 2026

   Birthright Citizenship Clarification Commission Act of 2025

   …and historical interpretation of the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, including its application to persons born in the United States to parents who are not U.S. citizens or lawful permanent residents. The Commission shall…

9. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-16403 · Aug 13, 2026

   American Citizenship Integrity Act of 2026

   …Integrity Act of 2026'. SECTION 2. FINDINGS. Congress finds that the 14th Amendment to the Constitution guarantees citizenship to all persons born in the United States and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, and that this guarantee must…

10. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-03947 · Oct 16, 2026

    Corrected Proclamation Confirming National Angel Family Day as Ceremonial and Within Article II

    …22, 2026, remains. Nothing here limits any right protected by the First Amendment, Fifth Amendment Due Process, or Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1. VFA assesses this corrected proclamation would give each side a concrete gain over…

11. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-16404 · Aug 13, 2026

    Birth Tourism Deterrence and Visa Integrity Act of 2026

    …that (1) birthright citizenship is constitutionally guaranteed by the 14th Amendment and cannot be denied by statute or executive action; (2) the practice of birth tourism exploits the visa system and undermines immigration integrity; (3)…

12. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 10098 · Aug 15, 2026

    District of Columbia Capital Punishment for Heinous Crimes Act of 2025

    …The original bill may lack sufficient procedural safeguards to satisfy Fifth Amendment due process and Eighth Amendment proportionality requirements. The definition of 'certain crimes' may be overly broad, risking arbitrary or…

13. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10862764 · Oct 16, 2026

    Atkins Hearing Clarity and State Choice Act

    …The strongest originalist reading starts from text and structure. The Eighth Amendment bars cruel and unusual punishment, and Atkins held that the bar covers execution of a person who is intellectually disabled. The same decision left…

14. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S.J.Res. 212 · Aug 11, 2026

    Citizen Voter Integrity and Federal Election Assurance Act of 2025

    …provisional ballots—and by avoiding a divisive constitutional amendment, instead using federal grants rather than unfunded mandates. Honors Republican priorities by making noncitizen voting an effective federal enforcement priority,…

15. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-06601 · May 15, 2026

    Federal Election Citizenship Verification Act of 2026

    …regulate federal elections; only U.S. citizens may vote under the Fourteenth Amendment; and secure verification prevents fraud while respecting state administration under the Tenth Amendment. SECTION 3. CITIZENSHIP VERIFICATION…

16. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 5271 · Aug 10, 2026

    Secure and Accessible Federal Elections Act of 2025

    …methods, potentially violating the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Congress's power under Article I, Section 4 to regulate the manner of federal elections must be exercised in a way that does not conflict with state…

17. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 4394 · Jun 16, 2026

    Police Leadership Enhancement Grant Act of 2025

    …mandated state compliance or commandeered state officers, violating the Tenth Amendment. Conditions on federal funds must be clear, unambiguous, and freely accepted to avoid coercion under the Spending Clause. Article I, Section 8, Clause…

18. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10865525 · May 29, 2026

    The Equal Protection Clause does not require a trial court to conduct a three-step Batson inquiry; peremptory challenges are not subject to judicial review for racial bias absent a showing of systematic exclusion.

    …Clause. 2) The relevant constitutional text is Section 1 of the Fourteenth Amendment: 'No State shall ... deny to any person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.' 3) At ratification, the Equal Protection Clause was…

19. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10880242 · Jun 29, 2026

    TPS termination is subject to judicial review for compliance with statutory procedure and constitutional rights, but the court must defer to the executive's substantive foreign-policy determination.

    Whether aliens who challenge the termination of Temporary Protected Status (TPS) for Syria and Haiti may obtain court orders postponing the termination while litigation is pending. The question is whether the Secretary of Homeland Security…