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401+ results for “Fourth Amendment”

1. Constitution · U.S. Constitution

   Amendment IV: Searches and Seizures

   The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation,…

2. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10881683 · Jun 30, 2026

   Re-decided holding: The government's acquisition of Google Location History data via a geofence warrant does not violate the Fourth Amendment because the data was voluntarily disclosed to a third party and the warrant was supported by probable cause.

   Whether police officers conducted a Fourth Amendment search when they obtained a geofence warrant and acquired Okello Chatrie's Google Location History data without a warrant supported by probable cause particularized to him. 1) The…

3. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10813527 · May 24, 2026

   Zorn v. Linton — Re-decided: Qualified immunity is not a defense to Fourth Amendment excessive-force claims; the reasonableness of the seizure is the sole question.

   …resisting protester after warnings is entitled to qualified immunity from a Fourth Amendment excessive-force claim. 1) The question is whether Sergeant Zorn's use of a rear wristlock to lift Shela Linton during a passive-resistance protest…

4. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10882186 · Jul 01, 2026

   State power to define women's sports by biological sex is constitutionally sound under the Tenth Amendment and Title IX as originally understood.

   …IX, which permits sex-separate teams based on biological differences. The Fourth Circuit and Ninth Circuit decisions are reversed; West Virginia and Idaho may enforce their laws without exception for puberty blockers or hormone therapy.…

5. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10864190 · May 28, 2026

   Re-decided holding: The Fourth Circuit did not violate Article III's case-or-controversy requirement; its remand for factfinding was a permissible exercise of its appellate jurisdiction, and the CSRA's exclusivity is not a jurisdictional bar based on text or original meaning.

   The constitutional question the case posed was whether the Fourth Circuit violated the principle of party presentation by sua sponte deciding a case on a ground not raised by the parties. 1) The question is whether the Civil Service Reform…

6. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.J.Res. 172 · May 14, 2026

   Joint Resolution Proposing Amendment to Clarify and Protect Birthright Citizenship

   …and Senate, the amendment is sent to the states for ratification by three-fourths of state legislatures. States have seven years to ratify. Congress provides no new enforcement powers; citizenship determinations follow existing processes…

7. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 8312 · Jun 10, 2026

   Federal Program Integrity and Oversight Enhancement Act

   …issued by a federal judge upon probable cause of fraud, in compliance with the Fourth Amendment. All investigations must provide written notice to the subject within 30 days, ensuring Fifth Amendment due process. Penalties for fraud…

8. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10845431 · May 15, 2026

   Officer Vanterpool's stop was an unreasonable seizure without probable cause; D.C. Court of Appeals affirmed, evidence suppressed.

   …fleeing unprovoked, and the driver backing out with door open—violated the Fourth Amendment absent probable cause. 1) The question: Did Officer Vanterpool violate the Fourth Amendment by seizing R.W. without a warrant or probable cause,…

9. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.J.Res. 174 · May 14, 2026

   Supreme Court Term Limits Constitutional Amendment

   …on term administration, nominations, and transitions. Ratification by three-fourths of states within seven years. Honors Democratic priorities of judicial accountability and reform to counter long-term ideological majorities; honors…

10. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 4952 · Jul 16, 2026

    Federal Program Fraud Prevention and Accountability Act of 2025

    …agreements are authorized without explicit congressional approval, preserving Fourth Amendment protections. Honors Democratic priorities: protects privacy by limiting data sharing without warrants, avoids disproportionate penalties, and…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.Res. 1499: Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 1501) to amend the FAST Act to include certain mineral production activities as a covered project, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 9436) to amend the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 to extend the time period for which certain regulations concerning the North Atlantic right whale are effective; providing for consideration of the resolution (H. Res. 1490) providing for the condemnation and denouncement of socialism in all its forms, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 4795) to amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to prohibit an institution that participates in a nonexpressive commercial boycott of Israel from being eligible for certain funds under that Act, to require an institution that participates in certain programs under that Act to certify that students are not unreasonably obstructed from participating in academic programs in Israel, and for ot

    …and votes; it does not punish speech, disarm, authorize searches under the Fourth Amendment, or take property. The underlying H.R. 4795 boycott provision could raise First Amendment speech and association questions if enacted, but this…

12. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 8800 · Jun 19, 2026

    National Defense Authorization and Constitutional Safeguards Act for Fiscal Year 2027

    …circumstances approved by a federal judge within 48 hours, consistent with the Fourth Amendment. Any provision authorizing detention of individuals shall affirm habeas corpus rights under Article I, Section 9, Clause 2, requiring prompt…

13. Constitution · U.S. Constitution · SI explainer

    Amendment XIII, Section 1: Punishment Clause

    …lawful process could be sentenced to hard labor. Abraham Lincoln wrote in his Fourth Annual Message to Congress that the common end was maintenance of the Union and that the election had declared the public will in favor of such…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.Res. 1333: Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 8646) making appropriations for Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2027, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 7726) to amend the Child Care and Development Block Grant Act of 1990 to withhold funds from noncompliant States under such Act; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 7892) to amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to require to the Secretary of Education to use an identity fraud detection system to review each FAFSA to determine whether the FAFSA presents a reasonable suspicion of identity fraud; and providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 8872) to amend part A of title IV of the Social Security Act to target funds to low-income families, strengthen program integrity guardrails for State expenditure of funds, require measurement of improper payments, and establish goals for el

    …H.R. 8646, H.R. 7726, H.R. 7892, and H.R. 8872. No search under the Fourth Amendment, no compelled testimony under the Fifth Amendment, and no other enumerated right is limited. Under SI review, no Bill of Rights provision is triggered.…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.Res. 1175: Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 8035) to amend the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 to extend the authorities of title VII of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978 through October 20, 2027, and for other purposes.

    …surveillance authorities under FISA Title VII, which implicates serious Fourth Amendment concerns and consolidates federal surveillance power without adequate due process safeguards. The extension of such authorities without meaningful…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 9238: To amend the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 to extend the authorities of title VII of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, and for other purposes.

    …later searching without probable-cause warrants, in direct tension with the Fourth Amendment and with First Amendment speech protections and Fifth Amendment due process. Federal authority for foreign intelligence exists, but the method…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.J.Res. 1: Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

    …anyone under the Second Amendment, authorizes no search or seizure under the Fourth Amendment, compels no testimony under the Fifth Amendment, and imposes no punishment under the Eighth Amendment. It preserves the judicial structure…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.Res. 1300: Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 1041) to amend title 38, United States Code, to prohibit the Secretary of Veterans Affairs from transmitting certain information to the Department of Justice for use by the national instant criminal background check system; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 6047) to amend title 38, United States Code, to direct the Secretary of Veterans Affairs to increase the dollar amounts for the payment of certain disability compensation and dependency and indemnity compensation under the laws administered by the Secretary; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 1329) to permit the Smithsonian American Women’s History Museum to be located within the Reserve of the National Mall, and for other purposes; and waiving a requirement of clause 6(a) of rule XIII with respect to consideration of certain resolutions reported from the Committee on Rules.

    …under First Amendment, arms under Second Amendment, or privacy under Third and Fourth Amendments. To the contrary, the underlying H.R. 1041 would strengthen Second Amendment and Fifth Amendment protections by preventing loss of firearm…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 09, 2026

    S. 4465: A bill to amend the FISA Amendments Act of 2008 to extend the authorities of title VII of the Foreign Intelligence Surveillance Act of 1978, and for other purposes.

    …warrantless backdoor searches of Americans' communications, violating the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable searches and seizures. While foreign intelligence gathering falls within federal authority, the inclusion of U.S.…

20. Constitution · U.S. Constitution

    Article V: Amending the Constitution

    …as Part of this Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of three fourths of the several States, or by Conventions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the Congress; Provided that…