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18 results for “commerce clause”

1. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-16404 · Aug 13, 2026

   Birth Tourism Deterrence and Visa Integrity Act of 2026

   …integrity; (3) Congress has authority under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 (Commerce) and Clause 4 (Naturalization) to regulate the admission of noncitizens and to define conditions for visa issuance. Section 3. Ground of Inadmissibility.…

2. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10865525 · May 29, 2026

   The Equal Protection Clause does not require a trial court to conduct a three-step Batson inquiry; peremptory challenges are not subject to judicial review for racial bias absent a showing of systematic exclusion.

   …and Effective Death Penalty Act, and whether the Equal Protection Clause requires a trial court to allow a defendant to rebut a prosecutor's race-neutral reasons for peremptory strikes. 1) The question is whether the Mississippi Supreme…

3. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S.J.Res. 212 · Aug 11, 2026

   Citizen Voter Integrity and Federal Election Assurance Act of 2025

   …on states, intruding on the states' reserved power under Article I, Section 2, Clause 1 and the Tenth Amendment over their own election elector qualifications. A constitutional amendment is unnecessary because 18 U.S.C. § 611 already makes…

4. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 4973 · Jul 17, 2026

   Birthright Citizenship Clarification Commission Act of 2025

   …study the original meaning and historical interpretation of the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment, including its application to persons born in the United States to parents who are not U.S. citizens or lawful permanent…

5. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10882239 · Jul 01, 2026

   Children born in the United States to parents unlawfully or temporarily present are not 'subject to the jurisdiction' of the United States and thus not citizens at birth under the Fourteenth Amendment.

   …acquire citizenship at birth under the Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause. 2) The relevant constitutional text is: 'All persons born or naturalized in the United States, and subject to the jurisdiction thereof, are citizens of the…

6. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10880242 · Jun 29, 2026

   TPS termination is subject to judicial review for compliance with statutory procedure and constitutional rights, but the court must defer to the executive's substantive foreign-policy determination.

   …See, e.g., 1 S. Johnson, A Dictionary of the English Language (1755). The clause bars review of the Secretary's substantive decision about whether country conditions warrant TPS termination—that is a foreign-policy judgment committed to…

7. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-16403 · Aug 13, 2026

   American Citizenship Integrity Act of 2026

   …order likely attempts to reinterpret the 14th Amendment's Citizenship Clause unilaterally, exceeding Article II authority. The President cannot alter the constitutional definition of citizenship. The order may violate the Fifth Amendment's…

8. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10869022 · Jun 06, 2026

   Re-decided holding: Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, as applied through the Fifteenth Amendment, requires states to draw districts that do not dilute minority voting strength, but the remedy must be race-neutral in its criteria and limited to ensuring equal electoral opportunity, not proportional representation.

   …that persisted after the Civil War, and the Amendment's enforcement clause gave Congress broad authority to enact prophylactic legislation. 4) The holding: Section 2 of the Voting Rights Act, as applied through the Fifteenth Amendment,…

9. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10882186 · Jul 01, 2026

   State power to define women's sports by biological sex is constitutionally sound under the Tenth Amendment and Title IX as originally understood.

   …question the case posed: whether Title IX and the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment require schools to allow biological males who identify as female and have taken puberty blockers or hormones to participate on women's…

10. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 10098 · Aug 15, 2026

    District of Columbia Capital Punishment for Heinous Crimes Act of 2025

    …review, exclusion of juveniles and intellectually disabled), a sunset clause to allow evaluation, and an independent oversight commission to prevent arbitrary application. Republican priorities honored: authorizing the death penalty for…

11. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-06601 · May 15, 2026

    Federal Election Citizenship Verification Act of 2026

    …of 2026'. SECTION 2. FINDINGS. Congress finds that under Article I, Section 4, Clause 1, it has power to regulate federal elections; only U.S. citizens may vote under the Fourteenth Amendment; and secure verification prevents fraud while…

12. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10883542 · Jul 02, 2026

    Children born in the United States to parents unlawfully or temporarily present are not citizens under the Fourteenth Amendment unless Congress provides otherwise.

    …are unlawfully or temporarily present. The question is whether the Citizenship Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment requires the United States to grant citizenship to every child born on its soil, regardless of the parents’ status. The text…

13. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 4394 · Jun 16, 2026

    Police Leadership Enhancement Grant Act of 2025

    …clear, unambiguous, and freely accepted to avoid coercion under the Spending Clause. Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 (Spending Clause) Tenth Amendment Fourteenth Amendment (conditions related to due process and equal protection)

14. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10862764 · Oct 16, 2026

    Atkins Hearing Clarity and State Choice Act

    …under state control reserved by the Tenth Amendment. Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 Fifth Amendment Due Process Eighth Amendment Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1 Tenth Amendment

15. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 5271 · Aug 10, 2026

    Secure and Accessible Federal Elections Act of 2025

    …alternative verification methods, potentially violating the Equal Protection Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment. Congress's power under Article I, Section 4 to regulate the manner of federal elections must be exercised in a way that does…

16. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-03947 · Oct 16, 2026

    Corrected Proclamation Confirming National Angel Family Day as Ceremonial and Within Article II

    …is a ceremonial act within Article II. Under Article II, Section 1, Clause 1 the President holds the executive power, and under Article II, Section 3 the President may speak to the Nation and recommend measures to Congress. It creates no…

17. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10811625 · May 24, 2026

    Olivier's suit for prospective injunctive relief is not barred by the common-law rule against collateral attack on final judgments, but the First Amendment claim must be evaluated on its merits under original meaning.

    …Amendment (freedom of speech) Fourteenth Amendment, Section 1 (Due Process Clause, incorporation) Article III, Section 2 (judicial power over Cases and Controversies) Tenth Amendment (reserved powers) Federalist No. 78 (judicial review…

18. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10830655 · Oct 16, 2026

    Neutral Notice and Consent for Youth Counseling

    The Court was asked how the First Amendment applies to Colorado conversion-therapy law when used against talk therapy. The official summary states the law controls talk based on viewpoint and lower courts were wrong not to use demanding…