Marsha Blackburn

A resolution condemning the Government of the Islamic Republic of Iran for its ongoing human rights abuses, including its use of politically motivated espionage claims to justify arbitrary detention and executions.

All four Founders agree that the resolution is a non-binding expression of congressional opinion on foreign affairs, which falls within Congress's enumerated powers and does not infringe on executive authority or individual liberties.

Title IX Clarification Act of 2026

The bill is a valid exercise of Congress's power under the Spending Clause to attach conditions to federal financial assistance, and defining 'sex' as biological sex in Title IX is a permissible clarification that does not exceed Congress's

Daughters of the American Revolution Membership Integrity Act

The Founders are split 2-2 on the constitutionality of Bill s-119-5152. Hamilton and Madison argue it is constitutional under the Necessary and Proper Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 18) as a permissible amendment to a federal charter,

Enhancing K–12 Cybersecurity Act

The bill is constitutional only if it is restructured as a voluntary grant program, using conditional federal spending to incentivize states to adopt minimum cybersecurity standards, rather than as a direct federal mandate. This approach re

A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate that Eleanor L. Ross, judge of the United States District Court for the Northern District of Georgia, engaged in conduct that falls beneath the dignity of her office.