Congressional Stock Trading Transparency and Accountability Act of 2025

Section 1. Short Title. This Act may be cited as the 'Congressional Stock Trading Transparency and Accountability Act of 2025'. Section 2. Definitions. (a) 'Covered person' means a Member of Congress, a candidate for Congress, an officer or employee of the House or Senate, and any spouse or dependent child of such individual. (b) 'Non-public information' means material information that has not been disseminated to the general public and that a covered person knows or has reason to know was obtained through their official position. Section 3. Prohibition on Insider Trading. No covered person shall purchase, sell, or exchange any security while in possession of non-public information obtained through their official duties. This prohibition applies to transactions made directly or through a broker, trust, or other intermediary. Section 4. Mandatory Disclosure. Each covered person shall file a report with the Office of Congressional Ethics (OCE) within 30 days of any securities transaction exceeding $1,000 in value. The report shall include the date, amount, and type of security. OCE shall make these reports publicly available on a searchable website within 7 days of receipt. Section 5. Enforcement. (a) The OCE shall investigate any alleged violation and may refer cases to the Department of Justice for criminal prosecution under existing insider trading laws (15 U.S.C. § 78j(b) and SEC Rule 10b-5). (b) Civil penalties: A covered person who knowingly violates Section 3 shall forfeit any profits gained or losses avoided, and pay a civil fine of up to $50,000 per violation. (c) Criminal penalties: Willful violations may result in fines up to $500,000 and imprisonment up to 10 years, as provided in 18 U.S.C. § 1348. Section 6. Funding. The Office of Congressional Ethics shall receive an additional $5 million per year from the general fund of the Treasury to carry out this Act. This amount shall be adjusted for inflation every two years. Section 7. Sunset. This Act shall expire 10 years after its effective date, unless reauthorized by Congress. Section 8. Effective Date. This Act shall take effect 90 days after enactment.