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25 results for “Fourth Amendment”

1. Constitution · U.S. Constitution

   Amendment IV: Searches and Seizures

   The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation,…

2. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10881683 · Jun 30, 2026

   Re-decided holding: The government's acquisition of Google Location History data via a geofence warrant does not violate the Fourth Amendment because the data was voluntarily disclosed to a third party and the warrant was supported by probable cause.

   Whether police officers conducted a Fourth Amendment search when they obtained a geofence warrant and acquired Okello Chatrie's Google Location History data without a warrant supported by probable cause particularized to him. 1) The…

3. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10813527 · May 24, 2026

   Zorn v. Linton — Re-decided: Qualified immunity is not a defense to Fourth Amendment excessive-force claims; the reasonableness of the seizure is the sole question.

   …resisting protester after warnings is entitled to qualified immunity from a Fourth Amendment excessive-force claim. 1) The question is whether Sergeant Zorn's use of a rear wristlock to lift Shela Linton during a passive-resistance protest…

4. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to cl-10864190 · May 28, 2026

   Re-decided holding: The Fourth Circuit did not violate Article III's case-or-controversy requirement; its remand for factfinding was a permissible exercise of its appellate jurisdiction, and the CSRA's exclusivity is not a jurisdictional bar based on text or original meaning.

   The constitutional question the case posed was whether the Fourth Circuit violated the principle of party presentation by sua sponte deciding a case on a ground not raised by the parties. 1) The question is whether the Civil Service Reform…

5. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.J.Res. 174 · May 14, 2026

   Supreme Court Term Limits Constitutional Amendment

   …on term administration, nominations, and transitions. Ratification by three-fourths of states within seven years. Honors Democratic priorities of judicial accountability and reform to counter long-term ideological majorities; honors…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.J.Res. 1: Proposing an amendment to the Constitution of the United States to require that the Supreme Court of the United States be composed of nine justices.

   …anyone under the Second Amendment, authorizes no search or seizure under the Fourth Amendment, compels no testimony under the Fifth Amendment, and imposes no punishment under the Eighth Amendment. It preserves the judicial structure…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14252: Making the District of Columbia Safe and Beautiful

   …enumerated powers, decentralization and takings checks, with only minor First, Fourth and Eighth Amendment implementation risks from maximum-enforcement language that require explicit speech, search and bail safeguards. Grade B: mostly…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.Res. 1398: Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 8800) to authorize appropriations for fiscal year 2027 for military activities of the Department of Defense, for military construction, and for defense activities of the Department of Energy, to prescribe military personnel strengths for such fiscal year, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 8595) making appropriations for national security, Department of State, and related programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2027, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 8884) to amend title II of the Social Security Act to reauthorize demonstration authority for the disability insurance program; providing for consideration of the resolution (H. Res. 1383) commemorating the one-year anniversary of the enactment of the Working Families Tax Cuts; and for other purposes.

   …No citizen is searched, silenced, disarmed, or punished. First Amendment and Fourth Amendment are therefore untouched. The resolution restricts no personal conduct, property use, labor, belief, or expression. It binds only Members and…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14288: Strengthening and Unleashing America's Law Enforcement To Pursue Criminals and Protect Innocent Citizens

   …in violation of federalism and the Tenth Amendment, with added First and Fourth Amendment and liberty risks requiring structural narrowing. The President may supervise federal law enforcement under Article II, Sections 1 and 3, and…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14367: Designating Fentanyl as a Weapon of Mass Destruction

    …law' and 'consistent with applicable law,' preserving First, Second, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, and Eighth Amendment protections. Risk remains that WMD and nonproliferation intelligence tools could be repurposed for domestic…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 6938: Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026

    …the First Amendment, arms under the Second Amendment, or privacy under the Fourth Amendment. Any future use of Department of Justice or other funds for surveillance or enforcement would need separate Fourth and Fifth Amendment scrutiny,…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 7757: KIDS Act

    …plus crisis hotline is likely permissible under Zauderer for factual notices. Fourth Amendment concern from identification technology mandates creating privacy risk without a warrant requirement. Severity is significant but curable with…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 8312: Fraud Prevention and Accountability Act

    …to prevent fraud in federal payments, with oversight retained in courts. Minor Fourth Amendment tension from interagency and private-entity data sharing requires privacy safeguards, but no direct rights violation, warranting a B. Congress…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 8466: TRUE Accountability Act

    …under the Second Amendment, does not authorize searches or seizures under the Fourth Amendment, and does not compel testimony under the Fifth Amendment. No criminal penalty, speech code, or property seizure is created. The bill regulates…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 1181: Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act

    …of lawful arms purchasers. It authorizes no search or seizure under the Fourth Amendment, and creates no compelled testimony under the Fifth Amendment. The bill expands rather than restricts individual sovereignty. It prevents the creation…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 6644: 21st Century ROAD to Housing Act

    …under the Second Amendment, does not authorize searches or seizures under the Fourth Amendment, and does not compel testimony under the Fifth Amendment. Conditions such as public land databases and counselor performance review apply to…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S. 32: LACA

    …assembly under the First Amendment, does not implicate the Second, Third, Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, or Eighth Amendments, and in fact supports Sixth Amendment rights to trial and Seventh Amendment jury access by reducing travel…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 9576: National Fraud Enforcement Division Act of 2026

    …against taxpayer-funded programs, which must still proceed under existing Fourth Amendment warrant requirements, Fifth Amendment grand jury and self-incrimination protections, and Sixth Amendment trial rights. No provision authorizes…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S.Con.Res. 7: An original concurrent resolution setting forth the congressional budget for the United States Government for fiscal year 2025 and setting forth the appropriate budgetary levels for fiscal years 2026 through 2034.

    …including no First Amendment speech or press burden and no Second or Fourth Amendment intrusion. The resolution restricts no person in body, property, speech, labor, or belief. It directs committees to report deficit-related legislation by…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 4090: Critical Mineral Dominance Act

    …of private persons, or compelled testimony is authorized. First Amendment and Fourth Amendment are not implicated. The bill does not restrict personal conduct, speech, belief, labor, or use of private property. It opens federal acreage to…