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182 results for “commerce clause”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.Res. 1423: Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 139) to make daylight savings time permanent, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 8595) making appropriations for national security, Department of State, and related programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2027, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 9237) to amend titles 10 and 38, United States Code, and other Federal laws, to improve benefits for veterans and the administration of the Department of Veterans Affairs; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 1181) to prohibit payment card networks and covered entities from requiring the use of or assigning merchant category codes that distinguish a firearms retailer from general-merchandise retailer or sporting-goods retailer, and for other purposes; and for other purposes.

   …interests by preventing compelled financial surveillance of lawful commerce. No rights are infringed by the rule itself under the First Amendment or Fourth Amendment. The resolution restricts no personal conduct, property use, labor,…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 13, 2026

   Executive Order 14431: Enhancing Program Integrity and Interagency Coordination in the Administration of the H-1B Nonimmigrant Visa Program

   …within the federal government's enumerated powers over immigration and foreign commerce, and it does not infringe on individual rights. The order's main constitutional tension lies in its delegation of authority and the potential for…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 11, 2026

   H.R. 1927: CLEAR Act of 2025

   …naturalization under Article I, Section 8, Clause 4, and the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3. The bill's provisions regarding detention, removal, and cooperation with state and local law…

4. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.J.Res. 25: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Internal Revenue Service relating to "Gross Proceeds Reporting by Brokers That Regularly Provide Services Effectuating Digital Asset Sales".

   …that burden unmet, so repeal restores freedom of contract and belief-neutral commerce. Disapproval moves decision-making downward by removing a federal compliance layer on decentralized protocols. Individuals can transact and keep records,…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 11, 2026

   H.R. 1880: Broadcast Freedom and Independence Act of 2025

   …The bill operates within Congress's enumerated power to regulate interstate commerce and the FCC's delegated authority, while preserving the FCC's ability to enforce existing laws against fraud, obscenity, and incitement. No rights are…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 11, 2026

   H.R. 9086: Foreign Service Modernization Act

   …integral to the conduct of diplomacy and the execution of treaty and foreign commerce powers. No constitutional rights are implicated, and the bill does not affect the sovereignty of individuals or states. The only minor consideration is…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14258: Extending the TikTok Enforcement Delay

   …H, under its Article I, Section 8 powers, including Clause 3 on foreign commerce and Clause 11 and related national-security authorities. A categorical directive that the Department of Justice take no action until June 19, 2025, plus a…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14265: Modernizing Defense Acquisitions and Spurring Innovation in the Defense Industrial Base

   …has separately authorized defense acquisitions under Article I, Section 8, Clauses 12-14 to raise and support Armies, provide and maintain a Navy, and make rules for the armed forces, plus Clause 18 necessary and proper. The order creates…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14362: Designation of Certain Muslim Brotherhood Chapters as Foreign Terrorist Organizations and Specially Designated Global Terrorists

   …be executed, implementing statutes passed under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 commerce with foreign nations, Clause 11 war-related powers, and Clause 18 necessary and proper. Cited authorities are Immigration and Nationality Act section…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

    H.Res. 1564: Recognizing September 17, 2026, as National Teach Ag Day.

    …sphere under the spending power (Article I, Section 8, Clause 1) and the commerce power (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3), a simple resolution recognizing a day requires no enumerated power because it imposes no legal effect. It is a…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 13, 2026

    S. 3627: Pregnant Students’ Rights Act

    …with fixable issues. Congress has authority under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 (Spending Clause) to attach conditions to federal funds, including student aid programs. The bill conditions participation in federal student aid on providing…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14384: Modifying Duties To Address Threats to the United States by the Government of the Russian Federation

    …following steps to stop Russian oil imports. It uses proper federal foreign-commerce power, eases burdens, infringes no rights, respects just process. Result is proper. This order lifts a prior 25 percent duty on goods of India tied to…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.J.Res. 35: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Waste Emissions Charge for Petroleum and Natural Gas Systems: Procedures for Facilitating Compliance, Including Netting and Exemptions".

    …and Article I, Section 8, Clauses 3 and 18 support regulation of interstate commerce and laws necessary and proper to check executive implementation. The Congressional Review Act, chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, is the statutory…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1907: Defense Against Drones Act of 2025

    …powers by operating within federal authority over airspace and interstate commerce, while deferring to state firearm laws. It does not infringe the Bill of Rights, protects individual sovereignty by affirming property rights, passes all…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.R. 2931: Save SBA from Sanctuary Cities Act of 2025

    …powers over immigration (Article I, Section 8, Clause 4) and interstate commerce (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3). The bill's purpose is to influence immigration enforcement, and the relocation of SBA offices is a federal property…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14303: Restoring Gold Standard Science

    …of federal employees. No reliance on stretched Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 commerce power. It restores prior scientific integrity policies rather than asserting new legislative authority. Order directs federal agencies to use…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14306: Sustaining Select Efforts To Strengthen the Nation's Cybersecurity and Amending Executive Order 13694 and Executive Order 14144

    …Act, and 3 U.S.C. section 301. Directives run to executive departments, Commerce/NIST, Homeland Security/CISA, Defense, Energy, National Science Foundation, and intelligence components. Amending prior Executive Orders 13694 and 14144 to…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

    H.R. 9382: To require the Commissioner of U.S. Customs and Border Protection to link together applications of family members throughout the NEXUS application process, and for other purposes.

    …control. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 grants Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, which includes the regulation of persons and goods crossing international borders. Additionally, the federal government's inherent…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1774: To amend title 23, United States Code, to withhold certain apportionment funds from the District of Columbia unless the Mayor of the District of Columbia removes the phrase Black Lives Matter from the street symbolically designated as Black Lives Matter Plaza, redesignates such street as Liberty Plaza, and removes such phrase from each website, document, and other material under the jurisdiction of the District of Columbia.

    …exercise of the spending power. The bill does not relate to interstate commerce or any other enumerated power; it is a direct attempt to regulate local political expression, which is beyond federal authority. The bill violates the First…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.Con.Res. 58: Denouncing the horrors of socialism.

    …legislative power under Article I, Section 8, nor does it purport to regulate commerce, tax, or spend. As a concurrent resolution, it does not have the force of law and therefore does not exceed enumerated powers. The Constitution does not…