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39 results for “tariffs”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

   H.R. 6504: Haiti Economic Lift Program Extension Act

   …is constitutional. Congress has express authority over foreign commerce and tariffs under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 and Clause 3. Extending duty-free treatment for Haitian apparel, restoring prior tariff preferences, and directing…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14309: Implementing the General Terms of the United States of America-United Kingdom Economic Prosperity Deal

   A delegated trade implementation within the federal foreign-commerce domain that lowers selected duties and sets quotas by published rule, with no rights infringement, no taking, and no upward consolidation; the sole tension is reliance on…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14357: Modifying Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China

   Executive Order 14357 reduces an existing tariff burden from 20% to 10% in response to PRC commitments on fentanyl precursors. It operates within the federal foreign-commerce domain, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, expands…

4. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

   Executive Order 14388: Continuing the Suspension of Duty-Free De Minimis Treatment for All Countries

   …the order is likely unconstitutional. The President's authority to impose tariffs and duties is not an enumerated power in Article II. The Constitution grants Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations (Article I, Section…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 11, 2026

   H.R. 1840: Closing the De Minimis Loophole Act

   …commerce. The termination of de minimis treatment and the imposition of tariffs, fees, and taxes on imports fall squarely within this enumerated power. The bill also implicates the federal power to lay and collect taxes (Article I, Section…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   S.J.Res. 37: A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada.

   SJRES 37 is constitutional. It uses Congress's Article I foreign-commerce and duties powers to end an executive emergency tariff regime on Canada, reducing burdens on liberty, property, and due process rather than creating new ones.…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14269: Restoring America's Maritime Dominance

   …capacity, and Clause 1 for common defence and general welfare. Section 5 tariffs rely on existing Section 301 delegation and Section 6 uses proposal of legislation, respecting Article I, Section 7 legislative process. Minor delegation…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14325: Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border

   …a congressional tariff authorization and individualized penalty review. Tariffs and duties are taxes and regulation of foreign commerce. Under Article I, Section 1 and Article I, Section 8, Clauses 1 and 3, that power belongs to Congress.…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14256: Further Amendment to Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China as Applied to Low-Value Imports

   Constitutional border and foreign-commerce action to close the de minimis channel exploited for synthetic opioid shipments, with advance notice and lawful collection procedures and no Bill of Rights infringement. Minor tension remains from…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14382: Addressing Threats to the United States by the Government of Iran

    Secondary tariffs to pressure Iran rest on Presidential foreign-emergency power plus congressional delegation, operate at the proper federal level for foreign commerce and national security, and impose no direct Bill of Rights violation or…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14388: Continuing the Suspension of Duty-Free De Minimis Treatment for All Countries

    …and declared national emergencies. While the President has some authority over tariffs and trade, the order stretches beyond enumerated powers by using emergency powers to impose broad, ongoing duties without clear congressional…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S.J.Res. 77: A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada.

    SJRES 77 is constitutional. Congress uses its Article I foreign-commerce and duties powers to end an executive emergency tariff on Canada, removing a burden on peaceful exchange, restoring legislative process, and pushing power away from…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S.J.Res. 81: A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Brazil.

    SJRES 81 is constitutional. It uses explicit Article I foreign-commerce and duties powers to end an emergency-based 40% Brazil tariff, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, expands individual economic liberty, keeps foreign trade at the…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14324: Suspending Duty-Free De Minimis Treatment for All Countries

    Ending global de minimis duty-free treatment operates in an inherently federal customs domain with no direct Bill of Rights or takings violation, but imposing worldwide duties by executive emergency declaration usurps Congress's Article I,…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14329: Addressing Threats to the United States by the Government of the Russian Federation

    …Federation threat and Indian purchases of Russian oil. Foreign commerce, tariffs, sanctions, and response to a foreign-government threat cannot be handled by individuals, families, localities, or states acting alone without fragmenting…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14272: Ensuring National Security and Economic Resilience Through Section 232 Actions on Processed Critical Minerals and Derivative Products

    Section 232 investigation order stays within presidential execution of a valid foreign-commerce and national-security statute, imposes no rights restriction or property taking, and addresses a subject only the federal level can assess.…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14323: Addressing Threats to the United States by the Government of Brazil

    Federal border and foreign-policy response with a cited statutory basis that protects rather than restricts domestic expression; minor tension only from broad emergency-duty delegation and incidental consumer cost. No direct rights…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14384: Modifying Duties To Address Threats to the United States by the Government of the Russian Federation

    This order ends the added 25 percent duty on goods of India following steps to stop Russian oil imports. It uses proper federal foreign-commerce power, eases burdens, infringes no rights, respects just process. Result is proper. This order…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 13, 2026

    H.R. 508: Bring American Companies Home Act

    The bill is a federal tax incentive that falls within Congress's broad taxing and spending powers under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1. It does not infringe on individual rights, respects decentralization by using incentives rather than…