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143 results for “tariffs”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14345: Implementing the United States-Japan Agreement

   …search and seizure, self-incrimination, jury trial, or cruel punishment. Tariffs are duties under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1, not a search under the Fourth Amendment or a speech restriction under the First Amendment. No First Amendment…

2. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-14334 · Jul 15, 2026

   Commercial Aircraft and Engine Supply Chain Security and Fair Trade Act

   …President may, by proclamation, adjust imports of the covered articles through tariffs, quotas, or other measures, but only for a period not to exceed four years. (b) Any adjustment shall be subject to congressional approval by joint…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14380: Addressing Threats to the United States by the Government of Cuba

   SI review finds EO 14380 is a foreign-affairs and foreign-commerce emergency measure within presidential and delegated authority, with no domestic rights infringement, sovereignty violation, or taking. Minor tension remains because tariff…

4. Bill (official record) · S.Res. 898 · 119th Congress · International Affairs · Sep 24, 2026

   S.Res. 898: A resolution expressing the sense of the Senate that the additional tariffs imposed on Canadian goods under section 338 of the Tariff Act of 1930 and the rhetoric surrounding the bilateral relationship between Canada and the United States harm United States consumers and businesses and the tariffs should be rescinded.

   Referred to the Committee on Finance. (text: CR S5006)

5. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-03832 · Oct 16, 2026

   SI Corrected Executive Form for Ending Emergency Duties Under Executive Order 14389

   …supply chain in the People's Republic of China, Venezuelan oil, reciprocal tariffs, Brazil, the Russian Federation, Cuba, and Iran. The Constitution gives Congress power to lay duties under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 and to regulate…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 13, 2026

   H.R. 5334: Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026

   …under Article I, Section 8, Clauses 3 and 10, the bill's imposition of tariffs up to 100% ad valorem and sweeping prohibitions on energy exports and investments may exceed the scope of Congress's enumerated powers by effectively regulating…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

   H.R. 6504: Haiti Economic Lift Program Extension Act

   …is constitutional. Congress has express authority over foreign commerce and tariffs under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 and Clause 3. Extending duty-free treatment for Haitian apparel, restoring prior tariff preferences, and directing…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14309: Implementing the General Terms of the United States of America-United Kingdom Economic Prosperity Deal

   A delegated trade implementation within the federal foreign-commerce domain that lowers selected duties and sets quotas by published rule, with no rights infringement, no taking, and no upward consolidation; the sole tension is reliance on…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14357: Modifying Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China

   Executive Order 14357 reduces an existing tariff burden from 20% to 10% in response to PRC commitments on fentanyl precursors. It operates within the federal foreign-commerce domain, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, expands…

10. Bill (official record) · H.R. 5446 · 119th Congress · Foreign Trade and International Finance · Sep 17, 2025

    H.R. 5446: No Tariffs on Groceries Act

    No Tariffs on Groceries Act This bill requires the President to receive congressional approval in order to impose duties (i.e., tariffs) on certain articles of food imported into the United States. The bill defines articles of food as (1)…

11. Bill (official record) · H.R. 2047 · 119th Congress · Foreign Trade and International Finance · Mar 11, 2025

    H.R. 2047: Pink Tariffs Study Act

    Pink Tariffs Study Act This bill requires the Department of the Treasury to study and report to Congress on whether the U.S. tariff system is regressive (e.g., tariffs are higher on mass-market consumer goods compared to analogous luxury…

12. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-14991 · Aug 02, 2026

    Reciprocal Trade Enforcement Act of 2026

    …executive action because it restores Congress's constitutional role in setting tariffs, ensures due process through investigation and public hearing, includes oversight and sunset to prevent indefinite trade wars, and provides a clear…

13. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-14992 · Jul 29, 2026

    Reciprocal Dairy Trade Enforcement Act of 2026

    …WTO dispute resolution step, appealing to free-trade proponents on both sides. Tariffs are a form of taxation and regulation of foreign commerce, which Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 and Clause 3 vest in Congress, not the President. The…

14. Bill (official record) · H.R. 3982 · 119th Congress · Foreign Trade and International Finance · Jun 12, 2025

    H.R. 3982: To establish a Tariff Response and Damages to Exports fund, and for other purposes.

    …within the Treasury, authorizes certain revenues collected from duties (e.g., tariffs) on certain agricultural products to be deposited into the fund, and requires the Department of Agriculture (USDA) to use the fund to make payments to…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14388: Continuing the Suspension of Duty-Free De Minimis Treatment for All Countries

    …the order is likely unconstitutional. The President's authority to impose tariffs and duties is not an enumerated power in Article II. The Constitution grants Congress the power to regulate commerce with foreign nations (Article I, Section…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1840: Closing the De Minimis Loophole Act

    …commerce. The termination of de minimis treatment and the imposition of tariffs, fees, and taxes on imports fall squarely within this enumerated power. The bill also implicates the federal power to lay and collect taxes (Article I, Section…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S.J.Res. 37: A joint resolution terminating the national emergency declared to impose duties on articles imported from Canada.

    SJRES 37 is constitutional. It uses Congress's Article I foreign-commerce and duties powers to end an executive emergency tariff regime on Canada, reducing burdens on liberty, property, and due process rather than creating new ones.…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14269: Restoring America's Maritime Dominance

    …capacity, and Clause 1 for common defence and general welfare. Section 5 tariffs rely on existing Section 301 delegation and Section 6 uses proposal of legislation, respecting Article I, Section 7 legislative process. Minor delegation…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14325: Amendment to Duties To Address the Flow of Illicit Drugs Across Our Northern Border

    …a congressional tariff authorization and individualized penalty review. Tariffs and duties are taxes and regulation of foreign commerce. Under Article I, Section 1 and Article I, Section 8, Clauses 1 and 3, that power belongs to Congress.…

20. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-13588 · Jul 03, 2026

    Emergency Fertilizer Supply Act of 2026

    …from institutional integrity: Congress retains its constitutional power over tariffs, and the executive gains a clear, time-limited delegation that avoids unilateral overreach. The President lacks unilateral authority to modify tariff…