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400+ results for “commerce clause”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

   H.R. 3628: State Planning for Reliability and Affordability Act

   …plans, which is a modest federal nudge within the broad scope of interstate commerce and energy regulation. It does not infringe on individual rights, and it leaves substantial discretion to states. However, it does represent a federal…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 10, 2026

   H.R. 6260: Keeping Violent Offenders Off Our Streets Act of 2025

   …insurance fraud, which falls under Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3). However, the bill redefines 'business of insurance' to include charitable bail funds that post bail, which are not…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

   S. 2403: Retire through Ownership Act

   …within Congress's enumerated power to regulate pension plans under the Commerce Clause, does not infringe any Bill of Rights protections, respects individual sovereignty by expanding voluntary employee ownership options, passes all four…

4. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

   H.R. 3632: Power Plant Reliability Act of 2025

   …the federal government has enumerated authority over interstate electricity commerce, the bill's forced-operation provisions implicate the Fifth Amendment's Takings Clause, and its broad environmental preemption consolidates power at the…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

   H.R. 2988: Protecting Prudent Investment of Retirement Savings Act

   HR 2988 is a constitutional exercise of Congress's power to regulate interstate commerce. It imposes prudent fiduciary standards on employer-sponsored retirement plans to protect participants and beneficiaries, does not infringe any…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

   H.R. 1531: PROTECT Taiwan Act

   …government has constitutional authority over foreign relations and foreign commerce. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 grants Congress power to regulate commerce with foreign nations, and the Necessary and Proper Clause in Article I, Section…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 7128: TRIA Program Reauthorization Act of 2026

   SI review finds the TRIA reauthorization through 2034 is a routine exercise of commerce and necessary-and-proper authority to stabilize interstate insurance markets, with no rights restriction, sovereignty burden, or due-process taking.…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 5587: HEATS Act

   …activity as a major federal action. No reliance on an expansive reading of the Commerce Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 to regulate wholly state and private land activity. No provision of the first ten Amendments is infringed. The…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 8595: Making appropriations for national security, Department of State, and related programs for the fiscal year ending September 30, 2027, and for other purposes.

   …funds are drawn. Foreign-affairs spending is tied to federal powers over commerce with foreign nations under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3, naturalization and offenses against the law of nations under Clauses 4 and 10, and support for the…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14326: Further Modifying the Reciprocal Tariff Rates

    …collect duties and imposts, and Clause 3 vests Congress with power to regulate commerce with foreign nations. Article I, Section 1 vests all legislative powers in Congress. The President cites IEEPA, the National Emergencies Act, and 19…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14390: Combating Cybercrime, Fraud, and Predatory Schemes Against American Citizens

    …federal government has explicit authority to regulate interstate and foreign commerce (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3), to define and punish offenses against the law of nations (Article I, Section 8, Clause 10), and to provide for the…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14407: Realigning United States Core Childhood Vaccine Recommendations With Best Practices From Peer, Developed Countries

    …which falls within the federal government's authority under the Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) and the Spending Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 1) to regulate interstate commerce and provide for the general welfare.…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 13, 2026

    Executive Order 14424: Promoting Fair Competition in Livestock Markets and Expanding Market Access for American Meat Producers

    …enacted under its Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 power to regulate interstate commerce. The order also facilitates interstate shipment of meat products, which falls squarely within the Commerce Clause. No action exceeds the enumerated…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14364: Addressing Security Risks From Price Fixing and Anti-Competitive Behavior in the Food Supply Chain

    …authority over this subject under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 to regulate commerce among the states and with foreign nations, and Clause 18 to make laws necessary and proper for that regulation. Federal antitrust investigation and…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.Res. 282: Providing for consideration of the joint resolution (S.J. Res. 18) disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Overdraft Lending: Very Large Financial Institutions''; providing for consideration of the joint resolution (S.J. Res. 28) disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to ''Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications''; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 1526) to amend title 28, United States Code, to limit the authority of district courts to provide injunctive relief, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 22) to amend the National Voter Registration Act of 1993 to require proof of United States citizenship to register an individual to vote in elections for Federal office, and for other purposes; and for other purposes.

    …which fall within Congress's enumerated powers, such as the power to regulate commerce (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) for the CFPB rules, and the power to make laws necessary and proper for carrying into execution its powers (Article I,…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S.J.Res. 28: A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications".

    …CFPB supervisory rule over large digital payment apps. It rests on Article I commerce and oversight authority, enacted through proper bicameralism and presentment, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, expands individual economic…

17. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 10346 · Oct 16, 2026

    Cobalt Supply Chain Accountability and Sunset Act

    …That structure protects due process while keeping enforcement aimed at foreign commerce and imports, where federal power is strongest. Funding would be capped at $8 million total from existing trade and labor enforcement funds, with no new…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

    H.R. 9330: Earned Wage Access Consumer Protection Act

    …has minor constitutional tensions. It operates within Congress's enumerated commerce power, does not directly infringe the Bill of Rights, and preserves individual sovereignty by requiring a no-cost option. However, it preempts state…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

    H.R. 10346: Stop China’s Exploitation of Congolese Children and Adult Forced Labor through Cobalt Mining Act

    …mining industry, which falls within Congress's enumerated powers over foreign commerce and trade. It does not directly restrict individual rights or impose new burdens on citizens, but it does involve federal action in an area that could…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 20, 2026

    S. 5380: A bill to provide for a ten-year statute of limitations for export control violations under the Export Control Reform Act of 2018.

    …While export controls fall within Congress's enumerated powers over foreign commerce and national security, the extension raises significant concerns under the Fifth and Sixth Amendments by lengthening the period of legal jeopardy and…