Search and Ask VFA

27 results for “commerce clause”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.J.Res. 213: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule issued by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to the "California State Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; Commercial Harbor Craft Regulations; Notice of Decision".

   …in Congress. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 supports regulation of interstate commerce affected by harbor craft, and Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 supports laws necessary and proper for overseeing executive agencies. Review and…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.J.Res. 210: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; Ocean-Going Vessels At-Berth; Notice of Decision".

   HJRES 210 is a constitutional exercise of congressional oversight under the Commerce Clause and the legislative process. Using SI-reviewed legislative history, it disapproves an EPA authorization without infringing the Bill of Rights,…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 09, 2026

   H.R. 1346: To amend the Clean Air Act with respect to the ethanol waiver for Reid Vapor Pressure under that Act, and for other purposes.

   …but has minor federalism concerns. The bill falls within Congress's Commerce Clause authority to regulate interstate fuel markets and air pollution. It does not infringe individual rights or due process. However, nullifying existing state…

4. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 10, 2026

   H.R. 1917: Great Lakes Mass Marking Program Act of 2025

   …constitutional. It operates within Congress's enumerated powers under the Commerce Clause and Property Clause, does not infringe any Bill of Rights protections, respects individual sovereignty, passes all decentralization tests, and…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 11, 2026

   H.R. 9615: BRACE Act

   …(RCRA). It operates within Congress's enumerated power to regulate interstate commerce and does not infringe on individual rights. The main constitutional tension is the centralization of environmental regulation at the federal level,…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 11, 2026

   H.R. 9617: CHARM Act

   …from discarded materials. While the federal government has authority under the Commerce Clause and its property powers to address waste and resource recovery, the bill's broad delegation to the EPA and its reporting requirements create…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 10, 2026

   H.R. 845: Pet and Livestock Protection Act

   …delisting of the gray wolf falls within Congress's enumerated powers under the Commerce Clause, the removal of court oversight undermines the separation of powers and individual rights to challenge government action. Congress has authority…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 2860: Northwest Straits Marine Conservation Initiative Reauthorization Act of 2025

   …with no mandates, penalties, searches, or property limits, supported by commerce and coordination authority and delivered through local committees. Congress may fund research, technical support, and interstate coordination for navigable…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.J.Res. 89: Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine and Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; The 'Omnibus' Low NOX Regulation; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision".

   Congress used lawful Commerce Clause and review authority to nullify an EPA waiver, with no Bill of Rights, sovereignty, or due process harm. The sole constitutional tension is decentralization: it blocks a state-level pollution program in…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 3276: Local Communities & Bird Habitat Stewardship Act of 2025

    …and is supported for migratory wildlife by Article I, Section 8, Clause 3, the Commerce Clause among the several States, and Article II, Section 2 treaty authority implemented under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act framework. The bill…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 09, 2026

    H.R. 6422: American Water Stewardship Act

    …over interstate water quality and spending is well-established under the Commerce and Spending Clauses. The bill does not directly infringe individual rights, though the funding restriction tied to foreign countries of concern raises mild…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

    H.R. 4776: SPEED Act

    …for major federal actions. Congress has clear enumerated authority under the Commerce Clause and the Property Clause to regulate the environmental effects of federal projects and to define the procedures for such reviews. The bill does not…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.J.Res. 87: Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Heavy-Duty Vehicle and Engine Emission Warranty and Maintenance Provisions; Advanced Clean Trucks; Zero Emission Airport Shuttle; Zero-Emission Power Train Certification; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision".

    Congress used its commerce and oversight powers through lawful procedure to block a single-state emissions mandate from functioning as a national rule, protecting liberty and uniform federal law with no rights infringement or taking.…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

    H.R. 6409: FENCES Act

    …events) are the cause. The bill operates within Congress's established Commerce Clause authority to regulate interstate and foreign pollution, does not infringe any Bill of Rights protections, imposes no restrictions on individual liberty,…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.R. 375: Continued Rapid Ohia Death Response Act of 2025

    The bill generally operates within federal enumerated powers over interstate commerce, public lands, and scientific research, and it respects state and private property rights by requiring consent for actions on non-federal land. However,…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.J.Res. 88: Providing congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine Pollution Control Standards; Advanced Clean Cars II; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision".

    HJRES 88 is constitutional. Congress used its enumerated commerce and oversight powers through lawful procedure to nullify an agency waiver, infringed no Bill of Rights protection, expanded individual choice by removing a mandate,…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

    H.R. 2709: Save Our Sequoias Act

    …within the scope of federal authority over public lands and interstate commerce, but it raises minor concerns regarding the breadth of the emergency declaration and the potential for federal overreach into state and local land management…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 11, 2026

    S.J.Res. 47: A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Motor Vehicle and Engine and Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; The 'Omnibus' Low NOx Regulation; Waiver of Preemption; Notice of Decision".

    …issue. Congress has the enumerated power to legislate on interstate commerce (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) and to make all laws necessary and proper for executing its powers (Article I, Section 8, Clause 18). The Clean Air Act, under…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S.J.Res. 31: A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act".

    Constitutional oversight that stays inside enumerated commerce and oversight powers, infringes no rights, expands individual and state latitude, and uses lawful process. Grade A. Congress acts within explicit authority. Article I, Section…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 11, 2026

    S. 996: Preserving Choice in Vehicle Purchases Act of 2025

    …federalism framework of the Clean Air Act. While it may be within Congress's commerce power, it consolidates decision-making at the federal level and restricts state experimentation, which is a core value of the Tenth Amendment. The bill…