Hershel Woody Williams National Medal of Honor Monument Location Act

Enumerated powers · passes

Congress has explicit authority under Article I, Section 8, Clause 17 to exercise exclusive legislation over the District of Columbia, which includes the National Mall. Additionally, the Property Clause (Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2) grants Congress power to dispose of and make rules respecting federal property. Locating a monument on federal land is a direct exercise of these powers.

Bill of Rights · passes

The bill does not implicate any of the first ten amendments. It does not restrict speech, religion, assembly, press, petition, arms, quartering, search and seizure, self-incrimination, due process, takings, trial rights, or cruel and unusual punishment. It merely designates a location for a monument.

Individual liberty · passes

The bill imposes no restrictions on individuals' use of their person, property, speech, labor, or belief. It does not require any individual to do or refrain from doing anything. The burden on government to justify restrictions is not triggered because there is no restriction.

Decentralization · passes

The National Mall is federal property of unique national significance. An individual, family, local community, or state could not reasonably manage a national monument honoring Medal of Honor recipients. The decision to place the monument is inherently federal, and the bill does not consolidate decision-making beyond the minimum necessary—it simply directs the location of an already-authorized monument.

Due process and takings · passes

The bill does not deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, nor does it take private property for public use. It concerns only the placement of a monument on already-federal land. No procedural or substantive due process issues arise.