To modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes.

Enumerated powers · passes

Congress has authority under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 to regulate interstate commerce, including firearms and related devices. Amending the Gun Control Act to exempt certain less-than-lethal projectile devices is a valid exercise of Congress's power to define the scope of federal commerce regulation. No power overreach occurs.

Bill of Rights · passes

The bill does not restrict speech, religion, assembly, press, petition, arms, or any other enumerated right. By removing certain devices from federal firearms regulation, it reduces restrictions on the keeping and bearing of arms rather than infringing the Second Amendment. No provision of the Bill of Rights is violated.

Individual liberty · passes

The bill expands what individuals may lawfully possess and use without federal oversight. It does not restrict a person's property, labor, speech, belief, or self-defense options. The government has not imposed a new burden on individual freedom; it has removed one.

Decentralization · passes

The bill reduces federal regulatory consolidation by removing federal control over certain less-than-lethal devices. Individuals and families can lawfully acquire and use such devices without federal interference; state and local governments retain their own police powers to regulate them. This action fails no part of the decentralization test because it moves regulatory authority away from the federal level.

Due process and takings · passes

The bill does not take property without just compensation and does not deny due process. Instead, it requires ATF to make a classification determination within 90 days of a request, providing a clear, timely process for persons seeking to know whether a device qualifies as a less-than-lethal projectile device. This strengthens fair notice and procedural regularity.