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16 results for “commerce clause”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14269: Restoring America's Maritime Dominance

   …Section 301 trade remedies, and customs-fee enforcement sit within federal commerce and defense powers and presidential direction of the executive branch, with no Bill of Rights infringement, taking, or improper federal consolidation.…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14260: Protecting American Energy From State Overreach

   …laws and enforcement through courts, grounded in supremacy and interstate commerce authority, with no rights infringement or taking. President acts under Article II, Section 1 vesting of executive power and Article II, Section 3 duty to…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.J.Res. 210: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "California State Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; Ocean-Going Vessels At-Berth; Notice of Decision".

   HJRES 210 is a constitutional exercise of congressional oversight under the Commerce Clause and the legislative process. Using SI-reviewed legislative history, it disapproves an EPA authorization without infringing the Bill of Rights,…

4. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

   H.R. 9171: Department of the Interior, Environment, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act, 2027

   …can be tied to the Property Clause (Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2) and the Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3), funding entities like the National Endowment for the Arts, the National Endowment for the Humanities, the…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 2978: GUARD Act

   …investment schemes is further supported by Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 (Commerce Clause). The bill does not create a new federal police power; it permits existing grant recipients to target fraud and directs FinCEN reporting, which is…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   S. 331: HALT Fentanyl Act

   …I placement and uniform penalties for fentanyl-related trafficking fall within commerce authority and preserve trial rights, with a strong protective justification for a lethal interstate drug. Mandatory minimums and class-wide scheduling…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14361: Modifying the Scope of Tariffs on the Government of Brazil

   …significant enumerated-powers tension. The power to lay duties and regulate commerce with foreign nations belongs to Congress under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 and Clause 3. This order rests on delegated statutes, principally the…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14367: Designating Fentanyl as a Weapon of Mass Destruction

   …law' and subject to appropriations, relying on Congress's powers over commerce, offenses against the law of nations, and provision for common defense. Scope of the WMD label is broad but remains within direction of the executive branch.…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14382: Addressing Threats to the United States by the Government of Iran

   …plus congressional delegation, operate at the proper federal level for foreign commerce and national security, and impose no direct Bill of Rights violation or domestic taking. Broad fact-finding and modification discretion create minor…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14357: Modifying Duties Addressing the Synthetic Opioid Supply Chain in the People's Republic of China

    …PRC commitments on fentanyl precursors. It operates within the federal foreign-commerce domain, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, expands individual economic liberty, and satisfies due process through prospective published…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14364: Addressing Security Risks From Price Fixing and Anti-Competitive Behavior in the Food Supply Chain

    …authority over this subject under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 to regulate commerce among the states and with foreign nations, and Clause 18 to make laws necessary and proper for that regulation. Federal antitrust investigation and…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.R. 5625: Cashless Bail Reporting Act

    …under Article I, Section 8 to regulate state pretrial release procedures. The Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) does not apply because bail decisions are not interstate commerce. The Spending Clause (Article I, Section 8,…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 9497: Water Resources Development Act of 2026

    …navigation, port, flood-control, and restoration work falls squarely within Commerce Clause and spending powers, with no rights restriction, sovereignty burden, or due process taking. Federal authority exists under Article I, Section 8,…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14282: Transparency Regarding Foreign Influence at American Universities

    …and investigative tools. (3) States cannot uniformly regulate foreign commerce and national security or enforce a federal reporting statute. (4) Order does not create new federal control over curriculum; it enforces existing 20 U.S.C.…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

    H.R. 5201: Kari's Law Reporting Act

    …speech, property, or privacy. Because it operates within Congress's interstate commerce power and merely requires agency transparency, it is fully constitutional. Congress has authority under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 to regulate…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14294: Fighting Overcriminalization in Federal Regulations

    …regulatory breach into crime, protects freedom to work and to conduct commerce without fear of hidden strict responsibility offenses. The order does not move control to higher power. It orders executive self-review, public lists, restraint…