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269 results for “commerce clause”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14335: Enabling Competition in the Commercial Space Industry

   …statutory authorities. Federal regulation of launch, reentry, airspace, space commerce, and treaty compliance rests on Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 Commerce Clause for interstate and foreign commerce, Article I, Section 8, Clause 18…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14286: Enforcing Commonsense Rules of the Road for America's Truck Drivers

   …safety qualification for interstate trucking, grounded in the Commerce Clause and the duty to execute the laws. It imposes no new speech ban, no search expansion, and no property taking, and federal minimum standards are the minimum level…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 6938: Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026

   HR 6938 as summarized is a routine FY2026 appropriations package funding Commerce, Justice, Energy, Interior and related agencies. It rests squarely on the Article I appropriations and spending powers, creates no direct restriction on…

4. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.J.Res. 75: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers".

   …8. Disapproving an agency rule that stretched Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 Commerce Clause authority over intrastate appliance design restores enumerated limits rather than exceeding them. Nullifying a commercial appliance efficiency…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14271: Ensuring Commercial, Cost-Effective Solutions in Federal Contracts

   …41 U.S.C. 3307(d) and 10 U.S.C. 3453, enacted under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 for common defence and general welfare and Clause 18 necessary and proper authority for federal procurement. It directs only subordinate executive officers,…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 13, 2026

   H.R. 5334: Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026

   …While the federal government has broad authority over foreign commerce and sanctions under Article I, Section 8, Clauses 3 and 10, the bill's imposition of tariffs up to 100% ad valorem and sweeping prohibitions on energy exports and…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14269: Restoring America's Maritime Dominance

   …Section 301 trade remedies, and customs-fee enforcement sit within federal commerce and defense powers and presidential direction of the executive branch, with no Bill of Rights infringement, taking, or improper federal consolidation.…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.J.Res. 213: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule issued by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to the "California State Nonroad Engine Pollution Control Standards; Commercial Harbor Craft Regulations; Notice of Decision".

   …in Congress. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 supports regulation of interstate commerce affected by harbor craft, and Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 supports laws necessary and proper for overseeing executive agencies. Review and…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14374: Establishing a Second Emergency Board To Investigate Disputes Between the Long Island Rail Road Company and Certain of Its Employees Represented by Certain Labor Organizations

   …with no permanent regulatory, punitive, or confiscatory power. It rests on the Commerce Clause and Take Care Clause, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, preserves due process through notice and final-offer procedures, and does not…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S. 254: ARTIST Act

    Constitutional federal protection of lawful interstate commerce in authentic Alaska Native handicrafts under the Commerce Clause, with no rights infringement and no centralization of power. Federal authority is explicit under Article I,…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 1181: Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act

    HR 1181 is a narrow exercise of the Commerce Clause to bar national card networks from singling out firearms retailers with distinct merchant codes, with DOJ enforcement. It claims no new federal police power, infringes no right, expands…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1768: Lower Costs for Everyday Americans Act

    …into areas reserved to the states and individuals. The health care and commerce provisions largely fall within Congress's spending and interstate commerce powers, but the blanket ban on sodium nitrite products and the forced disclosure of…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 139: Sunshine Protection Act of 2025

    Permanent daylight saving time is a uniform commercial standard within Congress commerce power. It restricts no protected right, takes no property, denies no hearing, preserves exempt-area choice, and leaves personal liberty intact.…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 1501: Protecting Domestic Mining Act of 2025

    Federal permitting-reform bill grounded in the Commerce Clause and Property Clause that speeds existing reviews without infringing rights, sovereignty, or due process, and without expanding federal power. Congress acts within explicit…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14323: Addressing Threats to the United States by the Government of Brazil

    …cost. No direct rights violation found by this SI review. Tariff and foreign-commerce authority belongs to Congress under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 and Clause 3, while the President holds executive and foreign-relations power under…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14260: Protecting American Energy From State Overreach

    …laws and enforcement through courts, grounded in supremacy and interstate commerce authority, with no rights infringement or taking. President acts under Article II, Section 1 vesting of executive power and Article II, Section 3 duty to…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14285: Unleashing America's Offshore Critical Minerals and Resources

    …for supply-chain security. It stays within Article II execution, Article I commerce and property powers, infringes no Bill of Rights protections, and federal action is the minimum necessary level for offshore and international seabed…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S. 4974: Making America's Food Safer Act

    Constitutional exercise of foreign commerce power with built-in Fifth Amendment hearing, downward information sharing, and voluntary audits. No rights infringement or unlawful consolidation. Federal authority rests on Article I, Section 8,…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.R. 859: Informing Consumers about Smart Devices Act

    …mandate that falls within Congress's enumerated power to regulate interstate commerce, does not infringe any Bill of Rights protections, respects individual sovereignty by informing consumers without restricting their choices, passes all…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1840: Closing the De Minimis Loophole Act

    The bill is a federal exercise of the foreign commerce power, which is explicitly enumerated in Article I, Section 8, Clause 3. It does not infringe on individual rights, as it regulates the importation of goods, not speech, religion, or…