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182 results for “commerce clause”

1. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.Res. 1423 · Jul 16, 2026

   Constitutional Consideration Rule for H.R. 139, H.R. 8595, H.R. 9237, and H.R. 1181

   …years, and requiring a study by the Department of Transportation on interstate commerce effects. Funding for the study shall come from the DOT's existing administrative budget. Section 2. Consideration of H.R. 8595 (National Security…

2. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 10152 · Oct 17, 2026

   Limited Review and Open Model Support Act for Artificial Intelligence

   …limits. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 authorizes federal review of foreign commerce, which governs public risk review of open artificial intelligence models developed or made available by China, Iran, North Korea, or Russia. Article I,…

3. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 9915 · Jul 28, 2026

   Bot Disclosure and Consumer Protection Act of 2025

   …disclosure). Original bill may lack clear jurisdictional nexus to interstate commerce, potentially exceeding Commerce Clause authority. Original bill may fail to provide adequate due process safeguards (e.g., vague definitions, no…

4. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 1468 · Jun 17, 2026

   American Innovation Security and Oversight Act

   …United States trade secrets substantially affects interstate and foreign commerce, and that a clear federal cause of action and enhanced penalties are necessary to protect national economic security. SEC. 3. DEFINITIONS. (a) 'Foreign state…

5. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 5252 · Aug 07, 2026

   Foreign Adversary AI Model Extraction Prevention Act of 2025

   …by a United States person and that has been designated by the Secretary of Commerce, in consultation with the Secretary of Defense and the Director of National Intelligence, as having a critical technical parameter that, if extracted,…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14335: Enabling Competition in the Commercial Space Industry

   …statutory authorities. Federal regulation of launch, reentry, airspace, space commerce, and treaty compliance rests on Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 Commerce Clause for interstate and foreign commerce, Article I, Section 8, Clause 18…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14286: Enforcing Commonsense Rules of the Road for America's Truck Drivers

   …safety qualification for interstate trucking, grounded in the Commerce Clause and the duty to execute the laws. It imposes no new speech ban, no search expansion, and no property taking, and federal minimum standards are the minimum level…

8. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 5154 · Jul 30, 2026

   Minor AI Companion Safety and Transparency Act

   …of 18 in the United States, where such service is provided through interstate commerce. A companion AI chatbot is defined as a software application that simulates human-like conversation and is marketed or designed to provide emotional…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 6938: Commerce, Justice, Science; Energy and Water Development; and Interior and Environment Appropriations Act, 2026

   HR 6938 as summarized is a routine FY2026 appropriations package funding Commerce, Justice, Energy, Interior and related agencies. It rests squarely on the Article I appropriations and spending powers, creates no direct restriction on…

10. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 5226 · Aug 06, 2026

    Children's Account Safety and Parental Consent Act of 2025

    …intrastate social media interactions not substantially affecting interstate commerce. Fifth Amendment Due Process – vague definition of 'parental consent' and 'social media platform' could lead to arbitrary enforcement or suppression of…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14271: Ensuring Commercial, Cost-Effective Solutions in Federal Contracts

    …41 U.S.C. 3307(d) and 10 U.S.C. 3453, enacted under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 for common defence and general welfare and Clause 18 necessary and proper authority for federal procurement. It directs only subordinate executive officers,…

12. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-12909 · Jun 30, 2026

    Post-Quantum Cryptography Transition and Cybersecurity Enhancement Act of 2026

    …The Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce and the Director of the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), shall issue regulations requiring all federal agencies and owners/operators…

13. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 5024 · Jul 18, 2026

    Economic Espionage Adversarial Entity Designation Act of 2025

    …8 limits: While the economic espionage statute is generally within Congress's commerce and foreign affairs powers, an arbitrary presumption without a factual nexus may exceed the Necessary and Proper Clause. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3…

14. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 9162 · Jun 07, 2026

    Connected Vehicle National Security Review and Licensing Act

    …(a) The Secretary of Homeland Security, in consultation with the Secretary of Commerce and the Attorney General, shall establish a licensing program for any connected vehicle—defined as any motor vehicle with hardware or software that…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 13, 2026

    H.R. 5334: Lindsey O. Graham Sanctioning Russia and Iran Act of 2026

    …While the federal government has broad authority over foreign commerce and sanctions under Article I, Section 8, Clauses 3 and 10, the bill's imposition of tariffs up to 100% ad valorem and sweeping prohibitions on energy exports and…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14269: Restoring America's Maritime Dominance

    …Section 301 trade remedies, and customs-fee enforcement sit within federal commerce and defense powers and presidential direction of the executive branch, with no Bill of Rights infringement, taking, or improper federal consolidation.…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14374: Establishing a Second Emergency Board To Investigate Disputes Between the Long Island Rail Road Company and Certain of Its Employees Represented by Certain Labor Organizations

    …with no permanent regulatory, punitive, or confiscatory power. It rests on the Commerce Clause and Take Care Clause, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, preserves due process through notice and final-offer procedures, and does not…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S. 254: ARTIST Act

    Constitutional federal protection of lawful interstate commerce in authentic Alaska Native handicrafts under the Commerce Clause, with no rights infringement and no centralization of power. Federal authority is explicit under Article I,…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 1181: Protecting Privacy in Purchases Act

    HR 1181 is a narrow exercise of the Commerce Clause to bar national card networks from singling out firearms retailers with distinct merchant codes, with DOJ enforcement. It claims no new federal police power, infringes no right, expands…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1768: Lower Costs for Everyday Americans Act

    …into areas reserved to the states and individuals. The health care and commerce provisions largely fall within Congress's spending and interstate commerce powers, but the blanket ban on sodium nitrite products and the forced disclosure of…