Search and Ask VFA

400+ results for “commerce clause”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

   H.R. 3109: REFINER Act

   …is informational and falls within Congress's enumerated powers under the Commerce Clause and the Necessary and Proper Clause. No constitutional rights are implicated, individual sovereignty is untouched, the action is appropriately federal…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

   H.R. 6504: Haiti Economic Lift Program Extension Act

   This bill is constitutional. Congress has express authority over foreign commerce and tariffs under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 and Clause 3. Extending duty-free treatment for Haitian apparel, restoring prior tariff preferences, and…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 3234: Keeping Deposits Local Act

   …amendment to existing federal deposit-insurance law, authorized by the Commerce and Necessary and Proper Clauses, that expands rather than restricts liberty and creates no rights, due process, or federalism violation. Congress has explicit…

4. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 8646: Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agency Appropriations Act, 2027

   …programs, and foreign food grants falls within the spending power, the Commerce Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 3, and the Necessary and Proper Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 18. No provision on its face restricts speech,…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   S. 1582: GENIUS Act

   …framework for fixed-value payment instruments rests on interstate and foreign commerce authority, preserves a state licensing path, imposes no direct ban on speech or ownership, and provides knowledge-based penalties with regulator…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14329: Addressing Threats to the United States by the Government of the Russian Federation

   …to address a declared foreign threat. The action sits within federal foreign-commerce and executive power, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, respects prospective notice, and operates at the only level that can conduct foreign policy.…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14346: Modifying the Scope of Reciprocal Tariffs and Establishing Procedures for Implementing Trade and Security Agreements

   EO 14346 operates in the inherently federal field of foreign commerce where decentralization, Bill of Rights, and takings checks pass, and the underlying SI review finds publication and prospective application satisfy due process. It is…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 7148: Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2026

   …human services, and extended welfare and insurance programs, which stretch the Commerce Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 and the General Welfare Clause beyond a limited reading and intrude on powers reserved by the Tenth Amendment.…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 10, 2026

   H.Res. 242: Providing for consideration of the joint resolution (H.J. Res. 24) providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Walk-In Coolers and Walk-In Freezers"; providing for consideration of the joint resolution (H.J. Res. 75) providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers"; and providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 1048) to amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to strengthen disclosure requirements relating to foreign gifts and contracts, to prohibit contracts between institutions of higher education and certain foreign entities and

   …the authority to determine the rules of its proceedings (Article I, Section 5, Clause 2), and this resolution is a textbook exercise of that authority. It does not infringe on any constitutional rights, does not expand federal power beyond…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.Res. 1057: Providing for consideration of the bill (S. 1383) to establish the Veterans Advisory Committee on Equal Access, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 2189) to modernize Federal firearms laws to account for advancements in technology and less-than-lethal weapons, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 261) to amend the National Marine Sanctuaries Act to prohibit requiring an authorization for the installation, continued presence, operation, maintenance, repair, or recovery of undersea fiber optic cables in a national marine sanctuary if such activities have previously been authorized by a Federal or State agency; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 3617) to amend the Department of Energy Organization Act to secure the supply of critical energy resources, including critical minerals and other materials, and for other purposes; and waiving a requirement of clause 6(a) of rule XIII with respect to conside

    …under Article I, Section 8 (e.g., to raise and support armies, to regulate commerce, and to provide for the general welfare). The resolution itself does not infringe on any enumerated rights. However, it facilitates consideration of H.R.…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.Res. 1499: Providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 1501) to amend the FAST Act to include certain mineral production activities as a covered project, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 9436) to amend the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 to extend the time period for which certain regulations concerning the North Atlantic right whale are effective; providing for consideration of the resolution (H. Res. 1490) providing for the condemnation and denouncement of socialism in all its forms, and for other purposes; providing for consideration of the bill (H.R. 4795) to amend the Higher Education Act of 1965 to prohibit an institution that participates in a nonexpressive commercial boycott of Israel from being eligible for certain funds under that Act, to require an institution that participates in certain programs under that Act to certify that students are not unreasonably obstructed from participating in academic programs in Israel, and for ot

    …debate on listed bills is expressly authorized by Article I, Section 5, Clause 2 and restricts no private rights, property, or process. Any First Amendment concern attaches to the underlying boycott bill, not to scheduling its…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.J.Res. 42: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program for Appliance Standards: Certification Requirements, Labeling Requirements, and Enforcement Provisions for Certain Consumer Products and Commercial Equipment".

    …under Article I, Section 1 vesting legislative power, Article I, Section 8 Clause 18 Necessary and Proper Clause to check executive implementation, and Article I, Section 7 presentment process, using the Congressional Review Act at 5…

13. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-16730 · Aug 15, 2026

    Childhood Vaccine Evidence and Accountability Act of 2026

    To ensure that childhood vaccine recommendations are held to a 'gold standard' of scientific evidence, transparency, and conflict-of-interest review, while preserving public trust in vaccine policy and protecting public health. SECTION 1.…

14. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 6500 · Aug 10, 2026

    Sub-Saharan Africa Trade Preference Extension and User Fee Stability Act of 2027

    …operations without general fund reliance. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 (Commerce with foreign Nations) Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 (lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises) Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 (Necessary and…

15. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 4348 · Jul 22, 2026

    Tick-Borne Disease Prevention and Research Reauthorization Act of 2025

    …Section 8, Clause 1 (General Welfare Clause) Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 (Commerce Clause) Amendment X (powers reserved to the states)

16. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 9737 · Jul 18, 2026

    Employee Welfare Benefit Access Assistance Act of 2025

    …mandates participation by states or private entities, it could exceed the Commerce Clause authority by commandeering state resources. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 (Commerce Clause – ERISA governs employee benefit plans affecting…

17. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 2 · Jun 06, 2026

    Border Security and Naturalization Enforcement Act of 2025

    …I, Section 8, Clause 4 (naturalization) and Clause 3 (interstate and foreign commerce, including border security). Funding is authorized for U.S. Customs and Border Protection (CBP) and U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) for…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14387: Promoting the National Defense by Ensuring an Adequate Supply of Elemental Phosphorus and Glyphosate- Based Herbicides

    …8, Clauses 1, 11, and 14 to provide for the common defense and regulate commerce. However, the order's broad delegation of authority to the Secretary of Agriculture to allocate materials and prioritize contracts raises significant concerns…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 13, 2026

    S. 3386: Health Care Freedom for Patients Act of 2025

    …derives from the Spending Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 1) and the Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3). However, the bill's restrictions on coverage for gender-transition procedures and noncitizens go beyond merely…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1832: To establish "Golden Sea Bream" as an acceptable market name for Stenotomus chrysops.

    …falls within the federal government's enumerated power to regulate interstate commerce. It does not infringe on any constitutional rights, does not restrict individual sovereignty, and does not raise due process or takings concerns. The…