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193 results for “war powers”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14372: Prioritizing the Warfighter in Defense Contracting

   …authority, acting in support of Congress's Article I, Section 8, Clauses 12-14 powers to raise armies and provide for defense, and citing Defense Production Act (50 U.S.C. 4501 et seq.) and Federal Acquisition Regulations. Directing the…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

   H.R. 7890: Science of Reading Act of 2026

   …bill's prescriptive definition may push the boundaries of federal influence, warranting a grade of B rather than A. Congress has the power to tax and spend for the general welfare under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1. The bill operates…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

   Executive Order 14388: Continuing the Suspension of Duty-Free De Minimis Treatment for All Countries

   …The due process concerns are minor, but the cumulative constitutional tensions warrant a D grade. The President cites IEEPA (50 U.S.C. 1701 et seq.) and the Trade Act of 1974 as authority, but the Constitution vests Congress with the power…

4. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

   Executive Order 14415: Securing America's Defense Supply Chains and Ensuring Domestic Acquisition of Critical Materials

   …and the delegation of broad discretionary authority to the Secretary of War, which could implicate due process and individual sovereignty interests. The order does not infringe on fundamental rights and does not consolidate power beyond…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14383: Establishing an America First Arms Transfer Strategy

   …authorized foreign military sales under Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 war and captures powers and Clause 18 Necessary and Proper Clause, implemented through the Arms Export Control Act cited in the order at 22 U.S.C. 2776. This is…

6. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 5367 · Aug 10, 2026

   Veterans Financial Security and Recoupment Reform Act of 2025

   …automatic review mechanism. Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 (power to declare war and raise armies) Article I, Section 8, Clause 12 (power to raise and support armies, with two-year appropriation limit) Article I, Section 8, Clause 13…

7. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 4708 · Jul 29, 2026

   Arctic Security and Diplomacy Alignment Act of 2025

   …with foreign nations and Indian tribes) Article I, Section 8, Clauses 11–14 (war powers, army, navy, coast guard) Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 (treaty power, requiring Senate advice and consent) Tenth Amendment (powers reserved to the…

8. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 4973 · Jul 17, 2026

   Birthright Citizenship Clarification Commission Act of 2025

   …providing a pathway to a constitutional amendment if the Commission finds it warranted, thereby respecting the amendment process rather than unilateral statutory action. The Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause is self-executing and…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 11, 2026

   H.R. 1768: Lower Costs for Everyday Americans Act

   …sodium nitrite products and the forced disclosure of intimate images without a warrant or judicial process raise serious due process and First Amendment concerns. The bill also consolidates numerous policy areas at the federal level,…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14257: Regulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff To Rectify Trade Practices That Contribute to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits

    …on its face censor speech, establish religion, disarm individuals, authorize warrantless searches, compel self-incrimination, or impose cruel punishment. Tariffs raise import costs but do not directly prohibit speech under the First…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14391: Adjusting Certain Delegations Under the Defense Production Act

    …8, Clause 1 (general welfare and common defense) and Clause 11 (declare war and grant letters of marque and reprisal), as well as the Necessary and Proper Clause (Clause 18). The President's authority to delegate these powers is inherent…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.R. 2483: SUPPORT for Patients and Communities Reauthorization Act of 2025

    …or the right to bear arms. It does not authorize searches or seizures without warrants; the wastewater surveillance provision is a potential concern under the Fourth Amendment, but it is a grant program that funds state and local…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 14, 2026

    H.R. 9310: Department of Homeland Security Appropriations Act, 2027

    …against unreasonable searches and seizures if not conducted with proper warrants or oversight. The bill lacks explicit safeguards to ensure that funded intelligence activities comply with the Fourth Amendment, creating a significant risk…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 13, 2026

    S. 2: Secure America Act

    …funding for biometric entry-exit systems and surveillance towers may lead to warrantless tracking of U.S. citizens and lawful residents, which could violate the Fourth Amendment. The lack of explicit safeguards for privacy and due process…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1821: HELD Act

    …hold individuals for up to 48 hours based solely on an ICE request, without a warrant or probable cause, implicates the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable seizures. Detainer requests are often based on administrative…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.R. 747: Stop Chinese Fentanyl Act of 2025

    …regulate foreign commerce, and under Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 (Declare War) and the Necessary and Proper Clause (Clause 18) to address national emergencies. However, the bill's expansion of sanctions to include Chinese entities for…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

    Executive Order 14435: Emergency Tax Relief on Diesel Fuel

    …action, which respects federalism, but the consultation with the Secretary of War (a historical office) is an anomaly that does not affect constitutionality. The President's authority to direct the Secretary of the Treasury to defer tax…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

    H.Con.Res. 68: To direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from Venezuela that have not been authorized by Congress.

    …constitutional authority under Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 to declare war and to authorize military force. This resolution directs the removal of forces deployed without such authorization, which is a proper exercise of that power. It…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14263: Addressing Risks From Susman Godfrey

    …denial of Fifth Amendment due process, and attainder-like punishment, warranting grade F. The President has authority under Article II, Section 1 vesting executive power, Article II, Section 2 as Commander in Chief and for national…

20. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.J.Res. 210 · Oct 17, 2026

    Port Clean Air Pilot and Federal Review Act

    …monitoring, and yearly public data to support future standards if the evidence warrants them. A single-state emissions standard with practical nationwide shipping effects raises federalism and interstate commerce concerns under Article I,…