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98 results for “commerce clause”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 5587: HEATS Act

   …activity as a major federal action. No reliance on an expansive reading of the Commerce Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 to regulate wholly state and private land activity. No provision of the first ten Amendments is infringed. The…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 1118: Value Over Cost Act of 2026

   …necessary to execute federal powers. Authority rests on Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 for providing for the common Defence and general Welfare through procurement spending, and Article I, Section 8, Clause 18, the Necessary and Proper…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14241: Immediate Measures To Increase American Mineral Production

   …to Article I, Section 8, Clauses 1, 3, 11 through 14 covering common defence, commerce, and military supply. The order does not create new criminal law, tax, or private mandate and expressly acts consistent with applicable law and through…

4. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 3106: Weatherizing Infrastructure in the North and Terrorism Emergency Readiness Act of 2025

   …common Defence under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1, to regulate interstate commerce affected by critical infrastructure under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3, and to make laws necessary and proper for executing those powers under Article…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 9497: Water Resources Development Act of 2026

   …navigation, port, flood-control, and restoration work falls squarely within Commerce Clause and spending powers, with no rights restriction, sovereignty burden, or due process taking. Federal authority exists under Article I, Section 8,…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14293: Regulatory Relief To Promote Domestic Production of Critical Medicines

   …directive within existing statutory authority over interstate and foreign drug commerce. It removes barriers, speeds review, and centralizes permit coordination without infringing rights, restricting personal sovereignty, seizing property,…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14360: Modifying the Scope of the Reciprocal Tariffs With Respect to Certain Agricultural Products

   …tariff authority, so grade is B rather than A. Regulation of foreign commerce and laying of duties is an enumerated federal power under Article I, Section 8, Clauses 1 and 3. The President cites the International Emergency Economic Powers…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14383: Establishing an America First Arms Transfer Strategy

   …belief. It directs the Secretary of War, Secretary of State, and Secretary of Commerce to prioritize platforms, streamline notifications, and engage industry. Defense firms remain free to petition and participate through the industry…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 10, 2026

   H.R. 1998: Sanction Sea Pirates Act of 2025

   …It operates within the federal government's enumerated foreign affairs and commerce powers, does not infringe any Bill of Rights protections, respects individual sovereignty by targeting only foreign persons engaged in piracy, passes all…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 2140: Diesel Emissions Reduction Act of 2025

    …is imposed, so the measure stays within the spending power and does not exceed Commerce Clause limits under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3. No provision of the first ten Amendments is infringed. The bill creates voluntary grants, rebates,…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14301: Reforming Nuclear Reactor Testing at the Department of Energy

    …operations. Subject matter rests on Congress's Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 Necessary and Proper authority executed through Atomic Energy Act, 42 U.S.C. 2140, 42 U.S.C. 5842, and on Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2 Property Clause for…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14316: Extending the Modification of the Reciprocal Tariff Rates

    …taking occurs, yet federal executive consolidation of the taxing and foreign-commerce power requires congressional reauthorization with clear limits. Article I, Section 8, Clauses 1 and 3 vest power to lay and collect Duties and to…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14300: Ordering the Reform of the Nuclear Regulatory Commission

    …regulation of civilian nuclear energy rests on Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 commerce power and Clause 18 necessary-and-proper authority, as exercised in the Atomic Energy Act and the cited Public Law 118-67 directive on efficient…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.R. 1366: Mining Regulatory Clarity Act

    …Clarity Act is mostly sound but has minor tensions with the Property Clause and the Ninth Amendment. It operates within Congress's enumerated power over federal lands, does not directly infringe the Bill of Rights, and preserves individual…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    S.J.Res. 55: A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration relating to "Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards; Fuel System Integrity of Hydrogen Vehicles; Compressed Hydrogen Storage System Integrity; Incorporation by Reference".

    …compressed-storage test protocols for hydrogen fuel systems sold in interstate commerce, and states can regulate vehicle use, tort liability, and road safety under their police powers reserved by the Tenth Amendment. The action satisfies…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14328: Establishing the White House Task Force on the 2028 Summer Olympics

    …are within federal enumerated authority: Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 commerce with foreign nations for entry/exit and transportation, Clause 4 naturalization and immigration for visa processing, Article I, Section 8, Clauses 11-14 and…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 13, 2026

    S.J.Res. 138: A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval of the proposed foreign military sale to the Government of Israel of certain defense articles and services.

    …resolution is a valid exercise of Congress's enumerated power over foreign commerce and foreign affairs, does not infringe on any constitutional rights, and appropriately delegates decision-making to the federal level where foreign…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14433: Eliminating Disease-Carrying Pests and Restoring Enjoyment of the Great Outdoors

    …is lawful federal power over the seat of government: Article I, Section 8, Clause 17 gives Congress exclusive legislation over the District of Columbia, executed by the President under Article II, Section 1 and Article II, Section 3. Work…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14415: Securing America's Defense Supply Chains and Ensuring Domestic Acquisition of Critical Materials

    …Congress's enumerated powers to provide for the common defense and regulate commerce with foreign nations. The order's restrictions on waivers and supply chain mapping requirements are within the scope of existing statutory authority (10…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

    H.R. 8665: Allied Defense Sales Act

    …II, Section 2) and the federal government's exclusive authority over foreign commerce (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) support federal action in this area. The bill directs the State Department to implement a strategy for foreign military…