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132 results for “war powers”

1. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 4708 · Jul 29, 2026

   Arctic Security and Diplomacy Alignment Act of 2025

   …with foreign nations and Indian tribes) Article I, Section 8, Clauses 11–14 (war powers, army, navy, coast guard) Article II, Section 2, Clause 2 (treaty power, requiring Senate advice and consent) Tenth Amendment (powers reserved to the…

2. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 4973 · Jul 17, 2026

   Birthright Citizenship Clarification Commission Act of 2025

   …providing a pathway to a constitutional amendment if the Commission finds it warranted, thereby respecting the amendment process rather than unilateral statutory action. The Fourteenth Amendment's Citizenship Clause is self-executing and…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 11, 2026

   H.R. 1768: Lower Costs for Everyday Americans Act

   …sodium nitrite products and the forced disclosure of intimate images without a warrant or judicial process raise serious due process and First Amendment concerns. The bill also consolidates numerous policy areas at the federal level,…

4. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14257: Regulating Imports With a Reciprocal Tariff To Rectify Trade Practices That Contribute to Large and Persistent Annual United States Goods Trade Deficits

   …on its face censor speech, establish religion, disarm individuals, authorize warrantless searches, compel self-incrimination, or impose cruel punishment. Tariffs raise import costs but do not directly prohibit speech under the First…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

   Executive Order 14391: Adjusting Certain Delegations Under the Defense Production Act

   …8, Clause 1 (general welfare and common defense) and Clause 11 (declare war and grant letters of marque and reprisal), as well as the Necessary and Proper Clause (Clause 18). The President's authority to delegate these powers is inherent…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 13, 2026

   S. 2: Secure America Act

   …funding for biometric entry-exit systems and surveillance towers may lead to warrantless tracking of U.S. citizens and lawful residents, which could violate the Fourth Amendment. The lack of explicit safeguards for privacy and due process…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 11, 2026

   H.R. 1821: HELD Act

   …hold individuals for up to 48 hours based solely on an ICE request, without a warrant or probable cause, implicates the Fourth Amendment's protection against unreasonable seizures. Detainer requests are often based on administrative…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 10, 2026

   H.R. 747: Stop Chinese Fentanyl Act of 2025

   …regulate foreign commerce, and under Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 (Declare War) and the Necessary and Proper Clause (Clause 18) to address national emergencies. However, the bill's expansion of sanctions to include Chinese entities for…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

   Executive Order 14435: Emergency Tax Relief on Diesel Fuel

   …action, which respects federalism, but the consultation with the Secretary of War (a historical office) is an anomaly that does not affect constitutionality. The President's authority to direct the Secretary of the Treasury to defer tax…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14263: Addressing Risks From Susman Godfrey

    …denial of Fifth Amendment due process, and attainder-like punishment, warranting grade F. The President has authority under Article II, Section 1 vesting executive power, Article II, Section 2 as Commander in Chief and for national…

11. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.J.Res. 210 · Oct 17, 2026

    Port Clean Air Pilot and Federal Review Act

    …monitoring, and yearly public data to support future standards if the evidence warrants them. A single-state emissions standard with practical nationwide shipping effects raises federalism and interstate commerce concerns under Article I,…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 13, 2026

    S. 5271: A bill to amend the Help America Vote Act of 2002 to require voters to provide photo identification.

    …and seizures, as it compels disclosure of personal information without a warrant or individualized suspicion. The bill restricts an individual's sovereign right to vote without a compelling constitutional justification. The government…

13. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 10127 · Aug 22, 2026

    Federal Research Integrity and Oversight Act for Gender-Related Medical Treatments

    …NIH peer-review processes are generally robust, but additional safeguards are warranted for studies involving minors or irreversible treatments; (3) taxpayer funds should not support research that lacks clear scientific merit or adequate…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14387: Promoting the National Defense by Ensuring an Adequate Supply of Elemental Phosphorus and Glyphosate- Based Herbicides

    …potential to disrupt private contracts and property rights without due process warrants a grade of C. The order is grounded in the Defense Production Act of 1950, which Congress enacted under its Article I, Section 8 powers to provide for…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14396: Preserving America's Game

    …statutory authority. The order also references a nonexistent 'Department of War,' which was renamed the Department of Defense in 1947, further undermining its legal basis. The President cites no specific constitutional or statutory…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 13, 2026

    H.R. 365: Territorial Tax Parity Act of 2025

    …bill's effect on territorial self-governance and the IRS's discretionary power warrant a 'mostly sound' grade. Congress has the explicit power to 'lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises' under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1.…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 1968: Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025

    …Second Amendment, or authorizes searches, seizures, or surveillance without warrant under the Fourth Amendment. The act is a funding continuation at prior-year levels with health program extensions and contains no criminal penalty, speech…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 1: An act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14.

    …consolidates decisions states, localities, and civil society could handle, warranting B rather than A. Tax reduction, spending levels, deficit reconciliation, and debt-limit action rest on Article I, Section 8, Clauses 1-2 on laying and…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14250: Addressing Risks From WilmerHale

    …the First Amendment, individual sovereignty, and Fifth Amendment due process, warranting grade F. Article II vests executive power and directs faithful execution, and Congress has authorized procurement and classified-information systems,…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14287: Protecting American Communities From Criminal Aliens

    …labor, worship, or belief of citizens. It does not order searches without warrants under the Fourth Amendment, compel testimony under the Fifth Amendment, or punish speech or press under the First Amendment. Section 4 calls for eligibility…