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126 results for “war powers”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

   Executive Order 14435: Emergency Tax Relief on Diesel Fuel

   …action, which respects federalism, but the consultation with the Secretary of War (a historical office) is an anomaly that does not affect constitutionality. The President's authority to direct the Secretary of the Treasury to defer tax…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

   H.Con.Res. 68: To direct the removal of United States Armed Forces from Venezuela that have not been authorized by Congress.

   …constitutional authority under Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 to declare war and to authorize military force. This resolution directs the removal of forces deployed without such authorization, which is a proper exercise of that power. It…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14263: Addressing Risks From Susman Godfrey

   …denial of Fifth Amendment due process, and attainder-like punishment, warranting grade F. The President has authority under Article II, Section 1 vesting executive power, Article II, Section 2 as Commander in Chief and for national…

4. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.J.Res. 210 · Oct 17, 2026

   Port Clean Air Pilot and Federal Review Act

   …monitoring, and yearly public data to support future standards if the evidence warrants them. A single-state emissions standard with practical nationwide shipping effects raises federalism and interstate commerce concerns under Article I,…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 13, 2026

   S. 5271: A bill to amend the Help America Vote Act of 2002 to require voters to provide photo identification.

   …and seizures, as it compels disclosure of personal information without a warrant or individualized suspicion. The bill restricts an individual's sovereign right to vote without a compelling constitutional justification. The government…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 14, 2026

   H.R. 10436: Reaching English Learners Act

   …individual rights, its structural overreach and lack of enumerated authority warrant a grade of C. The federal government has no enumerated power to regulate or fund education. Article I, Section 8 lists specific powers, and education is…

7. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 10127 · Aug 22, 2026

   Federal Research Integrity and Oversight Act for Gender-Related Medical Treatments

   …NIH peer-review processes are generally robust, but additional safeguards are warranted for studies involving minors or irreversible treatments; (3) taxpayer funds should not support research that lacks clear scientific merit or adequate…

8. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to S. 4952 · Jul 16, 2026

   Federal Program Fraud Prevention and Accountability Act of 2025

   …indicators, but may not share personally identifiable information without a warrant or specific statutory exception under the Privacy Act of 1974. Penalties for fraud against federal programs are increased: for fraud exceeding $10,000, the…

9. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 8800 · Jun 19, 2026

   National Defense Authorization and Constitutional Safeguards Act for Fiscal Year 2027

   …8, Clause 12. No funds may be used for surveillance of U.S. persons without a warrant based on probable cause, except in exigent circumstances approved by a federal judge within 48 hours, consistent with the Fourth Amendment. Any provision…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14396: Preserving America's Game

    …statutory authority. The order also references a nonexistent 'Department of War,' which was renamed the Department of Defense in 1947, further undermining its legal basis. The President cites no specific constitutional or statutory…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 1968: Full-Year Continuing Appropriations and Extensions Act, 2025

    …Second Amendment, or authorizes searches, seizures, or surveillance without warrant under the Fourth Amendment. The act is a funding continuation at prior-year levels with health program extensions and contains no criminal penalty, speech…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 1: An act to provide for reconciliation pursuant to title II of H. Con. Res. 14.

    …consolidates decisions states, localities, and civil society could handle, warranting B rather than A. Tax reduction, spending levels, deficit reconciliation, and debt-limit action rest on Article I, Section 8, Clauses 1-2 on laying and…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14250: Addressing Risks From WilmerHale

    …the First Amendment, individual sovereignty, and Fifth Amendment due process, warranting grade F. Article II vests executive power and directs faithful execution, and Congress has authorized procurement and classified-information systems,…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14287: Protecting American Communities From Criminal Aliens

    …labor, worship, or belief of citizens. It does not order searches without warrants under the Fourth Amendment, compel testimony under the Fifth Amendment, or punish speech or press under the First Amendment. Section 4 calls for eligibility…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14353: Assuring the Security of the State of Qatar

    …rights. It fails as a unilateral security guarantee: only Congress can declare war under Article I, Section 8, Clause 11, and only the President plus two-thirds of the Senate can make a binding defense treaty under Article II, Section 2,…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 7618: American Battlefield Protection Program Amendments Act of 2026

    …and interpretation is voluntary, and the required studies of French and Indian War and Mexican-American War sites impose no mandate, prohibition, or condition on private owners. The government bears no additional burden here because no…

17. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to 2026-14991 · Aug 02, 2026

    Reciprocal Trade Enforcement Act of 2026

    …and public hearing, includes oversight and sunset to prevent indefinite trade wars, and provides a clear judicial review path. Democrats gain worker protections and congressional accountability; Republicans gain trade reciprocity and…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

    H.R. 8665: Allied Defense Sales Act

    …military. Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 grants Congress the power to declare war, and Clause 12 grants the power to raise and support armies. Additionally, the President's role as Commander-in-Chief (Article II, Section 2) and the…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 14, 2026

    H.R. 10451: Emergency Grant Aid for College Students Act

    …combined with the centralization of decision-making at the federal level, warrant a grade of C. The bill does not directly infringe on individual rights, but it does consolidate authority over education, which is a significant structural…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1810: Safe Schools Improvement Act

    …Rights, but its potential to compel speech or restrict local decision-making warrants a structural rewrite to better align with constitutional principles of federalism and enumerated powers. The federal government's authority over…