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377 results for “commerce clause”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 13, 2026

   Executive Order 14424: Promoting Fair Competition in Livestock Markets and Expanding Market Access for American Meat Producers

   …enacted under its Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 power to regulate interstate commerce. The order also facilitates interstate shipment of meat products, which falls squarely within the Commerce Clause. No action exceeds the enumerated…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14364: Addressing Security Risks From Price Fixing and Anti-Competitive Behavior in the Food Supply Chain

   …authority over this subject under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 to regulate commerce among the states and with foreign nations, and Clause 18 to make laws necessary and proper for that regulation. Federal antitrust investigation and…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   S.J.Res. 28: A joint resolution disapproving the rule submitted by the Bureau of Consumer Financial Protection relating to "Defining Larger Participants of a Market for General-Use Digital Consumer Payment Applications".

   …CFPB supervisory rule over large digital payment apps. It rests on Article I commerce and oversight authority, enacted through proper bicameralism and presentment, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, expands individual economic…

4. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 10346 · Oct 16, 2026

   Cobalt Supply Chain Accountability and Sunset Act

   …That structure protects due process while keeping enforcement aimed at foreign commerce and imports, where federal power is strongest. Funding would be capped at $8 million total from existing trade and labor enforcement funds, with no new…

5. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

   H.R. 9330: Earned Wage Access Consumer Protection Act

   …has minor constitutional tensions. It operates within Congress's enumerated commerce power, does not directly infringe the Bill of Rights, and preserves individual sovereignty by requiring a no-cost option. However, it preempts state…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 20, 2026

   S. 5380: A bill to provide for a ten-year statute of limitations for export control violations under the Export Control Reform Act of 2018.

   …While export controls fall within Congress's enumerated powers over foreign commerce and national security, the extension raises significant concerns under the Fifth and Sixth Amendments by lengthening the period of legal jeopardy and…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

   H.R. 3668: Improving Interagency Coordination for Pipeline Reviews Act

   …power without a compelling constitutional justification. While Congress has Commerce Clause authority over interstate pipelines, the consolidation of decision-making at the federal level and the elimination of state authority represent…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   H.R. 1118: Value Over Cost Act of 2026

   …necessary to execute federal powers. Authority rests on Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 for providing for the common Defence and general Welfare through procurement spending, and Article I, Section 8, Clause 18, the Necessary and Proper…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   S.J.Res. 31: A joint resolution providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Environmental Protection Agency relating to "Review of Final Rule Reclassification of Major Sources as Area Sources Under Section 112 of the Clean Air Act".

   Constitutional oversight that stays inside enumerated commerce and oversight powers, infringes no rights, expands individual and state latitude, and uses lawful process. Grade A. Congress acts within explicit authority. Article I, Section…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    Executive Order 14241: Immediate Measures To Increase American Mineral Production

    …to Article I, Section 8, Clauses 1, 3, 11 through 14 covering common defence, commerce, and military supply. The order does not create new criminal law, tax, or private mandate and expressly acts consistent with applicable law and through…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.R. 2987: CEASE Act of 2025

    …program, which is grounded in Congress's enumerated powers over interstate commerce and spending. The bill does not infringe on individual rights, does not take property, and does not consolidate authority beyond the federal level—it…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 11, 2026

    S. 996: Preserving Choice in Vehicle Purchases Act of 2025

    …federalism framework of the Clean Air Act. While it may be within Congress's commerce power, it consolidates decision-making at the federal level and restricts state experimentation, which is a core value of the Tenth Amendment. The bill…

13. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 3857 · Oct 15, 2026

    Improved Snow Forecasts with Capped Funding and State Protections

    …proposal. Spending power and authority over federal property and interstate commerce support data collection for federal projects, while the Tenth Amendment leaves water rights and allocation decisions to the states and existing contracts.…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

    H.R. 1721: Critical Infrastructure Manufacturing Feasibility Act

    This bill directs the Department of Commerce to conduct a study and report on manufacturing feasibility for critical infrastructure products. It imposes no mandates, restrictions, or penalties on individuals, states, or private entities.…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14414: Advancing Regenerative Agriculture and Strengthening American Farm Resilience

    …statutory authorities, which are grounded in Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 (Commerce Clause) and the Necessary and Proper Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 18). The actions—such as prioritizing pesticide registration, reviewing…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 13, 2026

    Executive Order 14430: Restoring American Saltwater Angling and Recreation

    …It operates within the federal government's enumerated powers over interstate commerce and federal waters, does not infringe on the Bill of Rights, and generally respects state-federal partnerships. However, the order's directive to…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.R. 2240: Improving Law Enforcement Officer Safety and Wellness Through Data Act

    …measure that falls within Congress's enumerated powers to regulate interstate commerce and to provide for the general welfare, and it does not infringe on individual rights. The primary constitutional concern is the potential for the data…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 10, 2026

    H.R. 5625: Cashless Bail Reporting Act

    …under Article I, Section 8 to regulate state pretrial release procedures. The Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) does not apply because bail decisions are not interstate commerce. The Spending Clause (Article I, Section 8,…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade F (Direct violation) · Oct 09, 2026

    H.R. 3492: Protect Children’s Innocence Act

    …powers by criminalizing purely local medical care without any interstate-commerce jurisdictional element, violates the Tenth Amendment, and intrudes on fundamental parental and individual liberty interests protected by the Due Process…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

    H.R. 3106: Weatherizing Infrastructure in the North and Terrorism Emergency Readiness Act of 2025

    …common Defence under Article I, Section 8, Clause 1, to regulate interstate commerce affected by critical infrastructure under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3, and to make laws necessary and proper for executing those powers under Article…