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400+ results for “commerce clause”

1. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14259: Amendment to Reciprocal Tariffs and Updated Duties as Applied to Low-Value Imports From the People's Republic of China

   Foreign tariffs are within federal enumerated commerce and duty powers and raise no Bill of Rights, decentralization, or due process violation, but EO 14259 unilaterally rewrites tariff rates by emergency order, stretching Article I,…

2. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14298: Modifying Reciprocal Tariff Rates To Reflect Discussions With the People's Republic of China

   …reciprocal tariff regime. Congress holds the tariff and foreign-commerce powers, and persistent deficits do not establish an emergency permitting the President to set general duties. That separation-of-powers overstep, combined with broad…

3. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14380: Addressing Threats to the United States by the Government of Cuba

   SI review finds EO 14380 is a foreign-affairs and foreign-commerce emergency measure within presidential and delegated authority, with no domestic rights infringement, sovereignty violation, or taking. Minor tension remains because tariff…

4. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.J.Res. 173 · May 13, 2026

   Consumer Closed Account Protection Act

   …clarifying enforcement, focusing only on deposit accounts in interstate commerce. CFPB may investigate complaints and impose civil penalties up to $5,000 per violation, with a right to administrative hearing. This applies to all insured…

5. VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 9394 · Oct 17, 2026

   Voluntary Agroterrorism Preparedness Exercise with Cost Cap and Sunset

   …could reach purely intrastate farm and food activity beyond interstate commerce unless tied to national security and interstate food systems. Private food and agriculture firms have liberty and property interests; coordination must remain…

6. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 10, 2026

   H.R. 3357: Enhancing Multi-Class Share Disclosures Act

   The bill is a federal securities disclosure requirement grounded in the Commerce Clause and the Securities and Exchange Commission's existing regulatory authority. It does not directly infringe on constitutional rights, but it imposes…

7. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026

   Executive Order 14276: Restoring American Seafood Competitiveness

   …14276 constitutionally sound: it directs executive agencies within existing commerce and trade authorities to reduce regulatory burdens, improve fisheries science, and address unfair foreign practices, without infringing rights, seizing…

8. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

   H.R. 9946: Equity in STI Testing Act

   …health coverage mandate that likely falls within Congress's spending and commerce powers, but it raises concerns about federal overreach into state-administered programs and individual choice. It does not directly infringe on rights, but…

9. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 14, 2026

   H.R. 900: Sinkhole Mapping Act of 2025

   …of 2025 is a constitutionally sound exercise of federal authority under the Commerce Clause and the General Welfare Clause. It directs the U.S. Geological Survey to conduct scientific research and publish maps—activities well within the…

10. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 14, 2026

    Executive Order 14413: Ushering in the Next Frontier of Quantum Innovation

    …largely within the federal government's enumerated powers to promote science, commerce, and national defense, and it does not directly infringe on individual rights. However, it raises minor concerns about the centralization of quantum…

11. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 13, 2026

    H.R. 168: TORCH Act

    …falls squarely within this enumerated power. The bill also implicates the Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) to the extent that wildfire risk reduction affects interstate commerce, but the primary authority is the Property…

12. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 13, 2026

    H.R. 7022: Mystic Alerts Act

    …operates within Congress's enumerated power to regulate interstate and foreign commerce (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) and to establish post offices and post roads (Article I, Section 8, Clause 7), as emergency alerts are a matter of…

13. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1931: Access to Pediatric Technologies Act of 2025

    …operates within Congress's enumerated powers under the Spending Clause and Commerce Clause, and it does not infringe on individual rights. However, it centralizes decision-making at the federal level for pediatric technology payment, which…

14. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 1870: SPEED for BEAD Act

    …for BEAD Act generally operates within federal enumerated powers under the Commerce Clause and Spending Clause, and does not directly infringe individual rights. However, the prohibition on state rate regulation raises significant…

15. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 11, 2026

    H.R. 8790: Next-Generation Geothermal Research and Development Act

    …that falls within Congress's enumerated powers under the Spending Clause and Commerce Clause. It does not infringe on individual rights, and it does not take property or bypass due process. However, it consolidates significant…

16. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 10, 2026

    S. 146: TAKE IT DOWN Act

    …in an area traditionally reserved to the states, though the interstate commerce nexus provides some justification. Overall, the law is a well-intentioned but constitutionally problematic attempt to regulate online speech and platform…

17. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

    H.R. 1949: Unlocking our Domestic LNG Potential Act of 2025

    …is constitutional. It operates within Congress's enumerated power over foreign commerce under Article I, Section 8, Clause 3. It does not infringe any Bill of Rights protections, does not restrict individual sovereignty beyond legitimate…

18. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

    H.R. 4776: SPEED Act

    …for major federal actions. Congress has clear enumerated authority under the Commerce Clause and the Property Clause to regulate the environmental effects of federal projects and to define the procedures for such reviews. The bill does not…

19. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

    H.R. 4294: MAWS Act of 2026

    …federal program that operates within Congress's enumerated powers under the Commerce Clause and Property Clause, does not infringe any constitutional rights, and respects individual sovereignty and decentralization principles. Congress has…

20. Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026

    H.R. 4593: SHOWER Act

    …law. Congress may regulate showerheads as products in interstate commerce, and the bill does not infringe any enumerated right, take property without compensation, or impermissibly shift power away from state and local governments in a way…