Our published record · Constitution first · Every answer cited
Search and Ask VFA
Search every SI Solution, Constitution grade, SI Think Tank idea, SI Research Paper, SI Senate measure and provision of the Constitution we have published, plus the official bill records and members of Congress they rest on. Or ask a question: the answer is drawn only from that published record, quotes and links what it uses, and says so when we have not analyzed a topic yet.
Ask VFA
Answers come only from Values for America's published work and official texts in our record. We never tell anyone how to vote. Questions are logged without your IP address to find topics we have not covered yet.
Cited
See something wrong? Use “Report an error” on the cited page; every fix is public in the corrections log.
18 results for “commerce clause”
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026
H.J.Res. 75: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Commercial Refrigerators, Freezers, and Refrigerator-Freezers".
…8. Disapproving an agency rule that stretched Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 Commerce Clause authority over intrastate appliance design restores enumerated limits rather than exceeding them. Nullifying a commercial appliance efficiency…
-
VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 9646 · Jul 16, 2026
Cooperative Critical Minerals Quantum Mapping Act of 2026
…mechanism is not tied to a specific enumerated power (e.g., general welfare, commerce). Article I, Section 8, Clause 1 (General Welfare – spending for national mineral security) Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 (Commerce Clause – minerals in…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026
H.R. 1501: Protecting Domestic Mining Act of 2025
Federal permitting-reform bill grounded in the Commerce Clause and Property Clause that speeds existing reviews without infringing rights, sovereignty, or due process, and without expanding federal power. Congress acts within explicit…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026
H.R. 3109: REFINER Act
…is informational and falls within Congress's enumerated powers under the Commerce Clause and the Necessary and Proper Clause. No constitutional rights are implicated, individual sovereignty is untouched, the action is appropriately federal…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026
H.J.Res. 42: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program for Appliance Standards: Certification Requirements, Labeling Requirements, and Enforcement Provisions for Certain Consumer Products and Commercial Equipment".
…under Article I, Section 1 vesting legislative power, Article I, Section 8 Clause 18 Necessary and Proper Clause to check executive implementation, and Article I, Section 7 presentment process, using the Congressional Review Act at 5…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026
H.R. 3617: Securing America’s Critical Minerals Supply Act
…Congress may act here under its enumerated power over interstate and foreign commerce because the supply chains at issue cross state and national borders and affect the Nation's energy security. The bill regulates critical energy resource…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026
H.R. 4626: Home Appliance Protection and Affordability Act
…fully constitutional. It operates within Congress's enumerated power under the Commerce Clause to regulate energy conservation standards for appliances sold in interstate commerce. The bill does not infringe any Bill of Rights protections,…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026
H.R. 9340: Ratepayer Protection Act
The Ratepayer Protection Act is constitutional. It rests on the Commerce Clause, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, preserves state decision-making by requiring only consideration of a cost-causer-pays standard, and provides no…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade B (Mostly sound) · Oct 11, 2026
H.R. 3872: To amend the Mineral Leasing Act for Acquired Lands to make that Act applicable to hardrock minerals.
…It operates within Congress's enumerated powers over federal property and commerce, and it does not infringe on individual rights. The main concern is that it may consolidate decision-making at the federal level for lands that could be…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 10, 2026
H.R. 359: Cost-Share Accountability Act of 2025
…has the enumerated power to legislate regarding energy policy under the Commerce Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 3) and the Spending Clause (Article I, Section 8, Clause 1). The bill merely requires reporting on the use of existing…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026
H.R. 4090: Critical Mineral Dominance Act
…and no upward power shift. Grounded in Article IV property power and foreign commerce study, this mineral plan earns top marks. Authority rests on Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2, giving Congress power to dispose of and make rules for…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade C (Significant issues) · Oct 11, 2026
H.R. 9332: Load Forecasting Enhancement Act
…matters under the Tenth Amendment. While Congress has power over interstate commerce (Commerce Clause, Article I, Section 8, Clause 3), the bill does not regulate interstate commerce in electricity; it mandates federal involvement in…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade D (Likely unconstitutional) · Oct 09, 2026
H.R. 3632: Power Plant Reliability Act of 2025
…the federal government has enumerated authority over interstate electricity commerce, the bill's forced-operation provisions implicate the Fifth Amendment's Takings Clause, and its broad environmental preemption consolidates power at the…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026
H.R. 5587: HEATS Act
…activity as a major federal action. No reliance on an expansive reading of the Commerce Clause in Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 to regulate wholly state and private land activity. No provision of the first ten Amendments is infringed. The…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026
H.R. 3638: Electric Supply Chain Act
…chain, a matter that crosses state lines and directly implicates interstate commerce. The bill imposes no restrictions on individual rights, no regulatory mandates on private conduct, and no taking of property. It also does not…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 09, 2026
H.R. 5184: Affordable HOMES Act
HR 5184 is constitutional. It exercises Congress's broad Article I commerce power to rescind a federal energy efficiency rule for manufactured housing and to withdraw the Department of Energy's rulemaking authority in that area. The bill…
-
VFA SI Solution · SI Solution responding to H.R. 9332 · Oct 19, 2026
Voluntary Grid Forecasting Improvement and State Choice Act
…on state utility commissions or private utilities without clear interstate commerce authority and due process protections would raise federalism and Fifth Amendment Due Process concerns. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 Article I, Section 8,…
-
Constitution Index grade · Constitution grade A (Constitutional) · Oct 08, 2026
H.J.Res. 24: Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Department of Energy relating to "Energy Conservation Program: Energy Conservation Standards for Walk-In Coolers and Walk-In Freezers".
…authority. Article I, Section 8, Clause 3 gives Congress power to regulate commerce among the states, and Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 gives power to make laws necessary and proper for carrying federal powers into effect. Here Congress…