Constitution Index · H.J.Res. 106 · 2025-07-14

Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan".

Latest official status (2025-12-11): Became Public Law No: 119-50.

Official source ↗

Constitutional grade

A

Constitutional

HJRES 106 is a constitutional exercise of congressional control over federal lands and executive rulemaking. Under the Property Clause and lawful review procedures it nullifies an agency land plan, infringes no Bill of Rights protection, expands individual freedom, and checks rather than extends central power.

Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2 Article I Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 Amendment I Amendment II Amendment IV Amendment V Amendment X Article I, Section 7

SI-generated grade · passed automated checks (real Constitution citation, language rules) · not individually reviewed by a person · methodology · Report an error: hello@valuesforamerica.com

The five checks

Enumerated powers · passes

Congress has explicit authority over federal property under Article IV, Section 3, Clause 2, the Property Clause, which grants power to dispose of and make all needful rules respecting territory and property belonging to the United States. Use of the Congressional Review Act under Article I legislative power to disapprove an executive Bureau of Land Management resource plan is a classic exercise of that authority plus Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 necessary-and-proper oversight of federal administration.

Bill of Rights · passes

Nullification removes rather than imposes a federal land-use restriction. It does not abridge speech, religion, press, assembly under the First Amendment, does not restrict arms under the Second Amendment, and authorizes no search, seizure, or surveillance implicating the Fourth Amendment nor any taking under the Fifth Amendment. No right in Amendments 1-10 is infringed.

Individual liberty · passes

The joint resolution lifts a 2024 agency plan designating 21 critical areas over about 3,611,000 acres, thereby reducing federal constraint on use, access, labor, and livelihood tied to those lands. The government bears the burden to justify restriction; here Congress judged the agency restriction unjustified and removed it, expanding rather than contracting individual freedom of person, property use, and labor.

Decentralization · passes

Federal lands in Alaska are by nature under federal title, so individual, local, or state management alone cannot fully handle title decisions. Crucially, this measure does not consolidate power upward: it uses congressional review to check an executive agency rule and prevent centralized agency lock-up of 3.6 million acres, consistent with the Tenth Amendment reservation and the principle of minimum necessary centralization.

Due process and takings · passes

The action follows prescribed legal process: chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, the Congressional Review Act, with bicameral passage and presentment under Article I, Section 7. It provides notice through enrolled law, holds no person liable without hearing, presumes no guilt, and takes no private property, so no Fifth Amendment Takings Clause compensation is triggered. It restores procedural accountability rather than bypassing it.

Provenance

Grade ID
178
Rubric version
vfa-constitutional-grade/1.0
Graded
2026-10-08 10:39 UTC
Engine
primary SI engine
Source fetched
2026-10-08 09:43 UTC
Source SHA-256
08271cce1b95e2b078cf3a4ffc6dd6d042bda81c027ff9fab0fa4db6a1984ed4
Checks
si-editorial-standard/1.0: real Constitution citation, language rules

Version history · never overwritten

GradeGradedRubric Source hashStatus
A · #178 2026-10-08 vfa-constitutional-grade/1.0 08271cce1b95 current

Cite this

Values for America. “Constitutional grade: H.J.Res. 106, Providing for congressional disapproval under chapter 8 of title 5, United States Code, of the rule submitted by the Bureau of Land Management relating to "Central Yukon Record of Decision and Approved Resource Management Plan"..” VFA Constitution Index, grade 178 (rubric vfa-constitutional-grade/1.0), graded October 8, 2026. https://www.valuesforamerica.com/constitution-index/grades/178. Accessed 2026-10-19.

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