S. 4063 explained  ·  119th Congress  ·  Pending in Congress

Polisario Front Terrorist Designation Act of 2026

Create a free account or sign in to follow S. 4063 and get alerts. Policy area: International Affairs Create a free account or sign in to follow the International Affairs policy area and get alerts. ▲ 222 days since action Sponsor: Ted Cruz, TX-Senate, R → Congress.gov

Cosponsors: 3 (0 D, 3 R) · per Congress.gov, 2026-10-09

Introduced: 2026-03-11

Latest action (2026-03-11): Read twice and referred to the Committee on Foreign Relations.

What S. 4063 does, in plain terms

The Congressional Research Service has not published a summary of S. 4063 yet. Its official title: “Polisario Front Terrorist Designation Act of 2026”.

Constitution Index

“VFA Constitution grade”

Not graded yet

S. 4063 has not been graded yet. New measures with an official summary are graded daily under the published rubric.

The Framers

“Founders’ Verdict”

CONSTITUTIONAL

Confidence 1.00

Archived SI output (machine-generated)

No editorial review recorded. This historical SI verdict was machine-generated by software and predates the review desk; check it against the official bill text.

Synthesis

Unanimous agreement that the bill is constitutional under Congress's enumerated powers to define and punish offenses against the law of nations, supporting national defense and foreign affairs.

Hamilton YES

The designation of a foreign entity as a terrorist organization falls within the enumerated powers of Congress to define and punish offenses against the law of nations, as well as to provide for the common defense through necessary legislation. Such an act promotes the security of the Union against external threats, a paramount object of the federal government, and does not infringe upon the executive's conduct of foreign negotiations but rather supports it through legislative specification. From first principles, republican government requires a vigorous national authority to counter perils f…

Article I, Section 8, Clause 10 Federalist No. 11
Jefferson YES

The Congress possesses enumerated powers to address threats from foreign entities, including the authority to define and punish offenses against the law of nations, which encompasses designating organizations engaged in acts akin to piracy or felonies on the high seas or beyond. Such a designation falls within the strict bounds of federal power over international affairs, without encroaching upon individual liberties of the people or usurping reserved powers of the States, as it pertains solely to foreign actors and does not regulate domestic conduct. The Tenth Amendment reserves only undelega…

Article I, Section 8, Clause 10 Article I, Section 8, Clause 11 Tenth Amendment
Madison YES

The proposed legislation to designate a foreign entity as involved in terrorist activities falls within the enumerated powers of Congress to define and punish offenses against the law of nations, as well as to regulate commerce with foreign nations. Such authority ensures a vigorous national policy in foreign affairs, avoiding the perils of disunited action by the states that plagued prior confederacies. This measure supports the Union's capacity to conduct uniform relations with foreign powers, checking factional tendencies that could undermine national security.

Article I, Section 8, Clause 10 Federalist No. 42
Marshall YES

The Congress possesses ample authority under the Constitution to enact legislation designating foreign entities as threats to the national security, such as by labeling the Polisario Front a terrorist organization. This power derives from the enumerated authority to 'define and punish Piracies and Felonies committed on the high Seas, and Offences against the Law of Nations,' which extends to measures protecting the Republic from foreign aggressions and disorders. Moreover, pursuant to the necessary and proper clause, Congress may employ all means appropriate and plainly adapted to legitimate e…

Article I, Section 8, Clause 10 Article I, Section 8, Clause 18 McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)
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